Explanation:
Atomic number of magnesium is 12 and its electronic distribution is 2, 8, 2. To attain noble gas configuration it is necessary for the magnesium atom to lose two valence electrons and therefore, it forms 
ions.
On the other hand, atomic number of oxygen atom is 8 and its electronic distribution is 2, 6. To attain noble gas configuration it needs to gain two electrons. And, on gaining the electrons it forms 
ions.
Hence, when both magnesium and oxygen ions chemically combine with each other then it forms the compound magnesium oxide (
).
This is because magnesium transfer its two valence electrons to the oxygen atom and due to the formation of opposite charges on these atoms they get attracted towards each other.
When the concentrations of CO2 and H2CO3 are both horizontal lines then the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction.
<h3>What is rate of reaction?</h3>
The term rate of reaction refers to how fast or slow a reaction proceeds. Recall that the rate of reaction is measured from the rate of disappearance of reactants or the rate of appearance of products.
When the [CO2] and [H2CO3 ] are both horizontal lines, the rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction.
Let us recall that the reaction is reversible hence addition of H2CO3 will increase the concentration of H2CO3, the reverse reaction would be favored.
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Answer:
A region on top of a mountain is cooler than at the base.
Explanation:
Pressure and temperature have direct relationship with each other. With the decrease in pressure, the temperature decreases and vice versa. When the air rises in the atmosphere, the pressure starts to fall. The low pressure at the peak of the mountains tends to cause the fall in temperature. It is because of this reason that it is cooler at the top of the mountain while the temperature is less cool in the foothills.
Answer:
According to Le-chatelier principle, equilibrium will shift towards left to minimize concentration of 
and keep same equilibrium constant
Explanation:
In this buffer following equilibrium exists -
So, is involved in the above equilibrium.
When a strong base is added to this buffer, then concentration of increases. Hence, according to Le-chatelier principle, above equilibrium will shift towards left to minimize concentration of and keep same equilibrium constant.
Therefore excess amount of combines with 
to produce ammonia and water. So, effect of addition of strong base on pH of buffer gets minimized.
Answer:
B. It would lead to an increase of global temperatures.
Explanation:
Gas burns when it is hot. Therefore the more gas that our cars consume, the hotter the air will be when the car releases those gas vapors. Causing the air to become hotter.
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