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Goryan [66]
3 years ago
13

Using the Rayleigh criterion, calculate the minimum feature size that can be resolved in a system with a 0.18 NA lens when g-lin

e and i-line radiation from a Mercury spectrum is used. Repeat this exercise for 0.30 NA and 0.36 NA lenses. Assume a k-factor k1.
Engineering
1 answer:
Vladimir79 [104]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

a)

# for a g line, R = 1.211 μm

# for an I-line, R = 1.013 μm

b)

# for a g line, R = 0.726 μm

# for an I-line, R = 0.243 μm

c)

# for a g line, R = 0.605 μm

# for an I-line, R = 0.608 μm

Explanation:

We know that;

Rayleigh Resolution R = 0.5 × λ/NA

for a g line, λ = 436 nm

for an I-line λ = 365 nm

a)

Now when NA = 0.18

# for a g line, λ = 436 nm

R = 0.5 × 436/0.18 =  1.211 μm

# for an I-line λ = 365 nm

R = 0.5 × 365/0.18 =  1.013 μm

b)

when NA = 0.30

# for a g line, λ = 436 nm

R = 0.5 × 436/0.30 =  0.726 μm

# for an I-line λ = 365 nm

R = 0.5 × 365/0.30 =  0.243 μm

c)

when NA = 0.36

# for a g line, λ = 436 nm

R = 0.5 × 436/0.36 =  0.605 μm

# for an I-line λ = 365 nm

R = 0.5 × 365/0.30 =  0.608 μm

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Answer:

Inspectors use inductive reasoning on the job.

Explanation:

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3 years ago
Heating of Oil by Air. A flow of 2200 lbm/h of hydrocarbon oil at 100°F enters a heat exchanger, where it is heated to 150°F by
irakobra [83]

Answer:

2062 lbm/h

Explanation:

The air will lose heat and the oil will gain heat.

These heats will be equal in magnitude.

qo = -qa

They will be of different signs because one is entering iits system and the other is exiting.

The heat exchanged by oil is:

qo = Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi)

The heat exchanged by air is:

qa = Ga * Cpa * (taf - tai)

The specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure is:

Cpa = 0.24 BTU/(lbm*F)

Therefore:

Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi) = Ga * Cpa * (taf - tai)

Ga = (Gp * Cpo * (tof - toi)) / (Cpa * (taf - tai))

Ga = (2200 * 0.45 * (150 - 100)) / (0.24 * (300 - 200)) = 2062 lbm/h

5 0
3 years ago
An inductor (L = 400 mH), a capacitor (C = 4.43 µF), and a resistor (R = 500 Ω) are connected in series. A 44.0-Hz AC generator
MakcuM [25]

Answer:

(A) Maximum voltage will be equal to 333.194 volt

(B) Current will be leading by an angle 54.70

Explanation:

We have given maximum current in the circuit i_m=385mA=385\times 10^{-3}A=0.385A

Inductance of the inductor L=400mH=400\times 10^{-3}h=0.4H

Capacitance C=4.43\mu F=4.43\times 10^{-3}F

Frequency is given f = 44 Hz

Resistance R = 500 ohm

Inductive reactance will be x_l=\omega L=2\times 3.14\times 44\times 0.4=110.528ohm

Capacitive reactance will be equal to X_C=\frac{1}{\omega C}=\frac{1}{2\times 3.14\times 44\times 4.43\times 10^{-6}}=816.82ohm

Impedance of the circuit will be Z=\sqrt{R^2+(X_C-X_L)^2}=\sqrt{500^2+(816.92-110.52)^2}=865.44ohm

So maximum voltage will be \Delta V_{max}=0.385\times 865.44=333.194volt

(B) Phase difference will be given as \Phi =tan^{-1}\frac{X_C-X_L}{R}=\frac{816.92-110.52}{500}=54.70

So current will be leading by an angle 54.70

5 0
3 years ago
A structural component in the shape of a flat plate 25.0 mm thick is to be fabricated from a metal alloy for which the yield str
balandron [24]

Answer:

The critical length of surface flaw = 6.176 mm

Explanation:

Given data-

Plane strain fracture toughness Kc = 29.6 MPa-m1/2

Yield Strength = 545 MPa

Design stress. =0.3 × yield strength

= 0.3 × 545

= 163.5 MPa

Dimensionless parameter. Y = 1.3

The critical length of surface flaw is given by

= 1/pi.(Plane strain fracture toughness /Dimensionless parameter× Design Stress)^2

Now putting values in above equation we get,

= 1/3.14( 29.6 / 1.3 × 163.5)^2

=6.176 × 10^-3 m

=6.176 mm

5 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Firefighters are holding a nozzle at the end of a hose while trying to extinguish a fire. The nozzle exit diameter is 8 cm, and
ivanzaharov [21]

Question

Determine the average water exit velocity

Answer:

53.05 m/s

Explanation:

Given information

Volume flow rate, Q=16 m^{3}/min

Diameter d= 8cm= 0.08 m

Assumptions

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  • Gravitational force is not considered
  • The flow is steady, frictionless and incompressible
  • Water is discharged to the atmosphere hence pressure is ignored

We know that Q=AV and making v the subject then

V=\frac {Q}{A} where V is the exit velocity and A is area

Area, A=\frac {\pi d^{2}{4} where d is the diameter

By substitution

V=\frac {16\times 4}{\pi 0.08^{2}}=3183.098862 m/min

To convert v to m/s from m/s, we simply divide it by 60 hence

V=\frac {3183.098862  m/min}{60 s}=53.0516477 m/s\approx 53.05 m/s

3 0
3 years ago
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