Answer:
I think it is difficult to determine what has caused climate change in the distant past because it must have been a long time ago so geologists can't carry out different experiments and figure out what gases the planet had conjured, so geologists can only make predictions based off the evidence they currently have from what the planet looked like before. The planet must have changed over the years, therefore the climate has also changed in the future, so they cannot work with how the planet looked in the past.
Answer:
distance is meters, time is seconds
Answer:
0.04225 Nm
Explanation:
N = Force applied = 5 N
= Coefficient of static friction = 0.65
d = Diameter of knob = 1.3 cm
r = Radius of knob = 
Force is given by

When we multiply force and radius we get torque
Torque on thumb

Torque on forefinger

The total torque is given by

The most torque that exerted on the knob is 0.04225 Nm
-6.98 × 10-^7 is the answer <3