Explanation:
Tollens' reagent is prepared by using two-step process : -
Step 1:
Silver oxide is formed by mixing aqueous silver nitrate with base like sodium hydroxide. The reaction is shown below as:
Step 2
Ammonia solution is drop-wise added until all the silver oxide dissolves to form the reagent. The reaction is shown below as:
The softest mineral in the Mohs Hardness Scale is talc.
Talc is often used in baby powder and corn starch, among other things. Talc cleaves into thin sheets, and it is held together only by van de Waals bonds, which allows these sheets to slip past each other. This gives the mineral its softness and it is often valued as a high-temperature lubricant.
This question can be easily confused with. During the early times, organic compound are directly associated with living beings, people, plants and animals. That is somewhat true. The definition of organic compounds are compounds that contain carbon. So, it is true that most of the compounds in our body are organic. But you may confuse it to the abundance of elements in the body, which is oxygen. However, the most abundant element, besides carbon, in organic compounds is Hydrogen. You will notice this obviously in the organic compounds like alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, carbohydrates, lipids, hormones and proteins. Their general chemical formula usually involves Carbon and Hydrogen.
The atomic mass of the isotope Ni ( 62 over 28 ) = 61.928345 amu.
Mass of the electrons: 28 · 5.4584 · 10^(-4 ) amu = 0.0152838 amu ( g/mol )
Mass of the nuclei:
61.928345 amu - 0.0152838 amu = 61.913062 amu (g/mol)
The mass difference between a nucleus and its constituent nucleons is called the mass defect.
For Ni ( 62 over 28 ): Mass of the protons: 28 · 1.00728 amu = 28.20384 amu
Mass of the neutrons: 34 · 1.00866 amu = 34.299444 amu
In total : 62.49828 amu
The mass defect = 62.49828 - 61.913062 = 0.585218 amu
Nucleus binding energy:
E = Δm · c² ( the Einstein relationship )
E = 0.585218 · ( 2.9979 · 10^8 m/s )² · 1 / (6.022 · 10^23) · 1 kg / 1000 g =
= 0.585218 · 8.9874044 · 10 ^16 : (6.022 · 10^23) · 0.001 =
= ( 5.2595908 : 6.022 ) · 0.001 · 10^(-7 ) =
= 0.0008733 · 10^(-7) J = 8.733 · 10^(-11) J
The nucleus binding energy per nucleon:
8.733 · 10^(-11) J : 62 = 0.14085 · 10 ^(-11) =
= 1.4085 · 10^(-12) J per nucleon.
They become an ionic bond, and are weakly bonded compared to covalently bonded atoms
