<span>This example represents the challenge of survival of the fittest. In this situation, the trees have a distinct advantage due to their above average height. This puts them in the best position to gain the resources that they need to survive, most notably, the sun. The smaller plants, however, do not have this advantage, and lose out to the trees.</span>
The atomic number (Z) uniquely identifies a chemical element. In an uncharged atom, the atomic number is also equal to the number of electrons.
The atomic number, Z, should not be confused with the mass number, A, which is the number of nucleons, the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
In this video Kristine Born explains this two concepts in more detail.
Radio active decay reactions follow first order rate kinetics.
a) The half life and decay constant for radio active decay reactions are related by the equation:
Where k is the decay constant
b) Finding out the decay constant for the decay of C-14 isotope:
c) Finding the age of the sample :
35 % of the radiocarbon is present currently.
The first order rate equation is,
![[A] = [A_{0}]e^{-kt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%5BA%5D%20%3D%20%5BA_%7B0%7D%5De%5E%7B-kt%7D%20%20%20)
![\frac{[A]}{[A_{0}]} = e^{-kt}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BA%5D%7D%7B%5BA_%7B0%7D%5D%7D%20%3D%20e%5E%7B-kt%7D%20%20)
t = 7923 years
Therefore, age of the sample is 7923 years.
Answer:
A computer's ability to perform so many calculations in a very short time affects how people communicate by stopping them from talking actually. We no longer talk verbally. We don't go out and socialize, we always talk from the phone or text. We have lost our inner touch with talking.
Explanation:
Answer:
b. Beta emission, beta emission
Explanation:
A factor to consider when deciding whether a particular nuclide will undergo this or that type of radioactive decay is to consider its neutron:proton ratio (N/P).
Now let us look at the N/P ratio of each atom;
For B-13, there are 8 neutrons and five protons N/P ratio = 8/5 = 1.6
For Au-188 there are 109 neutrons and 79 protons N/P ratio = 109/79=1.4
For B-13, the N/P ratio lies beyond the belt of stability hence it undergoes beta emission to decrease its N/P ratio.
For Au-188, its N/P ratio also lies above the belt of stability which is 1:1 hence it also undergoes beta emission in order to attain a lower N/P ratio.
