Answer:
The valve should be closed at 1081 kPa ⇒ 11 bar
Explanation:






![m_2 = \frac{[10.994*1509.9] + [4.006*1057.5]}{15} = 1389.1 kJ/kg](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=m_2%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5B10.994%2A1509.9%5D%20%2B%20%5B4.006%2A1057.5%5D%7D%7B15%7D%20%20%3D%201389.1%20kJ%2Fkg)

Therefore, v₂, u₂ fix state 2.
By trial and error, P₂ = 1081 kPa & T₂ = 50.4° C
1081 kPa ⇒ 11 bar
Answer:
(a) Aluminum Indium Gallium Phosphide (AlInGaP). Band gap = 1.81eV ≈ 2eV
(b) Gallium Nitride (GaN). Band Gap = 3.4eV
(c) Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaA). Band Gap = 1.42eV ≈ 2.16eV
(d) Zinc Selenide (ZnSe). Band Gap = 2.82eV
(e) Gallium Phosphide (GaP). Band Gap = 2.24eV
Explanation:
LED's are semi-conducting materials that convert electrical energy to light energy. The light color emitted from the LED depends on the semi-conducting material and other compositions.
The band gap of the semi-conductor determines its wavelength. High band gap semi-conductors emit lower wavelengths which means greater power(UV semi-conducting macterials fall under this category).
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Answer:
The plot of the function production rate m(t) (in kg/min) against time t (in min) is attached to this answer.
The production rate function M(t) is:
(1)
The Laplace transform of this function is:
(2)
Explanation:
The function of the production rate can be considered as constant functions by parts in the domain of time. To make it a continuous function, we can use the function Heaviside (as seen in equation (1)). To join all the constant functions, we consider at which time the step for each one of them appears and sum each function multiply by the function Heaviside.
For the Laplace transform we use the following rules:
(3)
(4)