Answer:
See explanation and images attached
Explanation:
a) In the mechanism for the acid catalysed esterification of propanoic acid using ethanol, we can see that the first step is the protonation of the acid followed by nucleophillic attack of the alcohol. Loss of water and consequent deprotonation regenerates the acid catalyst. We can see the fate of the 18O labelled ethanol in the mechanism shown.
b) In the second mechanism, an unnamed ester is hydrolysed using an acid catalyst. The attack of the acid and subsequent nucleophillic attack of water labelled with 18O leads to the incorporation of this 18O into the product acid as shown in the mechanism attached to this answer.
Answer:
1.2 × 10⁴ cal
Explanation:
Given data
- Initial temperature: 80 °C
We can calculate the heat released by the water (
) when it cools using the following expression.
where
c is the specific heat capacity of water (1 cal/g.°C)
According to the law of conservation of energy, the sum of the heat released by the water () and the heat absorbed by the reaction (
) is zero.
Answer:The mole is important because it allows chemists to work with the subatomic world with macro world units and amounts. Atoms, molecules and formula units are very small and very difficult to work with usually. However, the mole allows a chemist to work with amounts large enough to use.
Explanation:
Answer:
When ice changes into liquid water it melts. The solidified ice in the frozen, would melt via the burning sun shooting its streaks down at the ice. Which causes the ice to melt, and turn into liquid water.
Explanation:
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