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docker41 [41]
3 years ago
15

Calcium oxide reacts with water in a combination reaction to produce calcium hydroxide: CaO (s) + H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (s) In a p

articular experiment, a 2.00-g sample of CaO is reacted with excess water and 2.14 g of Ca(OH)2 is recovered. What is the percent yield in this experiment? a. 107 b. 1.07 c. 2.88 d. 81.1 e. 93.3
Chemistry
1 answer:
dybincka [34]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The option closest to the percentage yield is option;

d. 81.1

Explanation:

The given chemical equation of the reaction is presented as follows;

CaO (s) + H₂O (l) → Ca(OH)₂

The mass of CaO in the experiment, m = 2.00 g

The volume of water with which the CaO was reacted = Excess volume of water

Number of moles = Mass/(Molar mass)

The mass of Ca(OH)₂ recovered, actual yield = 2.14 g

The molar mass of CaO = 56.0774 g/mol

The number of moles of CaO in the reaction, n₁ = 2.00 g/(56.0774 g/mol ≈ 0.036 moles

The molar mass of Ca(OH)₂ = 74.093 g/mol

The number of moles of Ca(OH)₂ in the reaction, n₂ = 2.14 g/(74.093 g/mol) ≈ 0.029 moles

From the given chemical reaction, one mole of CaO reacts with one mole of H₂O to produce one mole of Ca(OH)₂

Therefore, 0.036 moles of CaO will produce 0.036 moles of Ca(OH)₂

Mass = Number of moles × Molar mass

The mass of 0.036 moles of Ca(OH)₂ ≈ 0.036 moles × 74.093 g/mol = 2.667348 grams

∴ The theoretical yield of Ca(OH)₂ = 2.667348 grams

Percentage \ yield = \dfrac{Actual \ yield}{Theoretical \ yield}  \times 100 \%

The percentage yield = (2.14 g)/(2.667348 grams) × 100 = 80.23%

Therefore, the option which is closest is option d. 81.1.

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Substitute natural gas (SNG) is a gaseous mixture containing CH4(g) that can be used as a fuel. One reaction for the production
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Answer:

ΔH° of the reaction is -747.54kJ

Explanation:

Based on gas law, it is possible to find the ΔH of a reaction using ΔH of half reactions.

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<em>(1) </em>C(graphite) + 1/2O₂(g) → CO(g) ΔH° = -110.5 kJ

<em>(2) </em>CO(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) ΔH° = -283.0 kJ

<em>(3) </em>H₂(g) + 1/2O₂(g) → H₂O(l) ΔH° = -285.8 kJ

<em>(4) </em>C(graphite) + 2H₂(g) → CH₄(g) ΔH° = -74.81 kJ

<em>(5) </em>CH₄(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) ΔH° = -890.3 kJ

The sum of 4×(4) + (5) gives:

4C(graphite) + 8H₂(g) + 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) + 3CH₄(g)

ΔH° = -74.81 kJ ×4 - 890.3 kJ = -1189.54kJ

Now, this reaction - 4×(1) gives:

4CO(g) + 8H₂(g) → CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(l) + 3CH₄(g)

ΔH° = -1189.54kJ - 4×-110.5 = <em>-747.54kJ</em>

<em></em>

Thus <em>ΔH° of the reaction is -747.54kJ</em>

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