The reaction equation is: CaF₂ + H₂SO₄ → 2HF + CaSO₄
The molar ratio between fluorite and hydrogen fluoride is 1 : 1.
The moles of fluorite supplied are:
Moles = 15 / 78.07 Moles = 0.200
The moles of hydrogen fluoride produced will be 0.2.Now, we may use the ideal gas equation to determine the temperature:
PV = nRT T = PV/nR
T = (875 * 8.63) / (0.2 * 62.36)
T = 605.45K
The temperature will be 331.85 °C which is required to store the gas in an 8.63-L container at 875 torr.
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In order to calculate the final temperature of the gas, we may apply Charles's law, which states that the pressure and temperature of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume are directly proportional. Mathematically:
P/T = constant
(absolute temperature is used, so T = 672 + 273 = 945 K)
Thus,
3.9 / 945 = 12.2 / T
T = 2,956 K or 2,683 °C
2.083 Liters of 6.0 M solution sulfuric acid is required. This solved using molecular calculations and Titration.
Solution: 
Moles of hydrogen gas = 
Then 12.5 moles of hydrogen will be obtained from Moles of Sulfuric acid = 12.5 mol
Molarity of the sulfuric acid solution = 6.0 M = 6 mol/ l
6M = 
where V is the volume needed
V = 2.083 l
<h3>
What is Titration?</h3>
- Titration, commonly referred to as titrimetry, is a typical quantitative chemical analysis method used in laboratories to ascertain the unidentified quantity of an analyte .
- Titration is frequently referred to as volumetric analysis because it relies heavily on volume measurements. The titrant or titrator is a reagent that is prepared as a standard solution.
- To determine concentration, a solution of the analyte or titrand reacts with a known concentration and volume of the titrant. The titration volume is the amount of titrant that has responded.
- Titrations come in a variety of forms with various protocols and objectives. Redox and acid-base titrations are the two most typical types of qualitative titrations.
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Answer:
Scientists seek to eliminate all forms of bias from their research. However, all scientists also make assumptions of a non-empirical nature about topics such as causality, determinism and reductionism when conducting research. Here, we argue that since these 'philosophical biases' cannot be avoided, they need to be debated critically by scientists and philosophers of science.
Explanation:
Scientists are keen to avoid bias of any kind because they threaten scientific ideals such as objectivity, transparency and rationality. The scientific community has made substantial efforts to detect, explicate and critically examine different types of biases (Sackett, 1979; Ioannidis, 2005; Ioannidis, 2018; Macleod et al., 2015). One example of this is the catalogue of all the biases that affect medical evidence compiled by the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine at Oxford University (catalogueofbias.org). Such awareness is commonly seen as a crucial step towards making science objective, transparent and free from bias.
