BaSO₄ is relatively harmless, but BaS is highly toxic.
BaSO₄ is quite insoluble (240 µg/100 mL). It is a <em>mild irritant</em> in cases of skin contact and inhalation. However, it is <em>safe enough</em> that health professionals ask patients to drink a suspension of BaSO₄. The Ba is opaque to X-rays, so it makes the stomach and intestines more visible to radiographers.
BaS is soluble (7.7 g/100 mL). It reacts slowly with water and more rapidly in the acid conditions of the stomach to <em>release H₂S</em>.
BaS + 2HCl ⟶ BaCl₂ + H₂S
An H₂S concentration of 60 mg/100 mL can be <em>fatal within 30 min</em>.
<em>Don’t eat barium sulfide!</em>
Answer:
The percent by mass of copper in the mixture was 32%
Explanation:
The ammount of HNO₃ used is:
mol HNO₃ = volume * concentration
mol HNO₃ = 0.015 l * 15.8 mol/l
mol HNO₃ = 0.237 mol
According to the reaction, 4 mol HNO₃ will react with 1 mol Cu and produce 1 mol Cu²⁺. Since we have 0.237 mol HNO₃, the amount of Cu that could react would be (0.237 mol HNO₃ * 1 mol Cu / 4 mol HNO₃) 0.06 mol. This reaction would produce 0.060 mol Cu²⁺, however, only 0.010 mol Cu²⁺ were obtained, indicating that only 0.010 mol Cu were present in the mixture. This means that the acid was in excess, so we can assume that all copper present in the mixture has reacted.
Since 0.010 mol of Cu²⁺ were produced, the amount of Cu was 0.01 mol.
1 mol of Cu has a mass of 63.5 g, then 0.01 mol has a mass of:
0.01 mol Cu * 63.5 g / 1 mol = 0.635 g.
Since this amount was present in 2.00 g mixture, the amount of copper in 100 g of the mixture will be:
100 g(mixture) * 0.635 g Cu / 2 g(mixture) = 32 g
Then, the percent by mass of Cu (which is the mass of Cu in 100 g mixture) is 32%
Answer:
168.0 g
Explanation:
First thing, write a balanced chemical equation:
n(H2SO4) = concentration * volume
= 1.0 M * 2.0 L
= 2.0 mol
According to the balanced equation, 1 mol of acid requires 2 mol of sodium bicarbonate. This means that 2 mol of acid requires 2 mol of sodium bicarbonate. What mass of sodium bicarbonate is this?
mass (NaHCO3) = number of moles * molar mass
= 2.0 mol * 84.0065 g/mol
= 168.0 g
