Which of the following is not an amphoteric substance?

Determine the empirical and molecular formula for chrysotile asbestos. Chrysotile has the following percent composition: 28.03%

nlexa [21]

Answer: The empirical and molecular formula of chrysotile is $Mg_3Si_2H_3O_4$ and $Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}$

Explanation:

We are given:

Percentage of Mg = 28.03 %

Percentage of Si = 21.60 %

Percentage of H = 1.16 %

Percentage of O = 49.21 %

Let the mass of compound be 100 g. So, percentages given are taken as mass.

Mass of Mg = 28.03 g

Mass of Si = 21.60 g

Mass of H = 1.16 g

Mass of O = 49.21 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Step 1: Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Magnesium = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Magnesium}}{\text{Molar mass of Magnesium}}=\frac{28.03g}{24g/mole}=1.17moles$

Moles of Silicon = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Silicon}}{\text{Molar mass of Silicon}}=\frac{21.06g}{28g/mole}=0.752moles$

Moles of Hydrogen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{1.16g}{1g/mole}=1.16moles$

Moles of Oxygen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of oxygen}}{\text{Molar mass of oxygen}}=\frac{49.21g}{16g/mole}=3.07moles$

Step 2: Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.752 moles.

For Magnesium = $\frac{1.17}{0.752}=1.5$

For Silicon = $\frac{0.752}{0.752}=1$

For Hydrogen = $\frac{1.16}{0.752}=1.5$

For Oxygen = $\frac{3.07}{0.485}=4.08\approx 4$

To convert the mole ratios into whole numbers, we multiply individual mole ratios by 2

Mole ratio of Magnesium = (2 × 1.5) = 3

Mole ratio of Silicon = (2 × 1) = 2

Mole ratio of Hydrogen = (2 × 1.5) = 3

Mole ratio of Oxygen = (2 × 4) = 8

Step 3: Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of Mg : Si : H : O = 3 : 2 : 3 : 8

The empirical formula for the given compound is $Mg_3Si_2H_3O_8$

For determining the molecular formula, we need to determine the valency which is multiplied by each element to get the molecular formula.

The equation used to calculate the valency is :

$n=\frac{\text{Molecular mass}}{\text{Empirical mass}}$

We are given:

Mass of molecular formula = 520.8 g/mol

Mass of empirical formula = [(24 × 3) + (28 × 2) + (1 × 3) + (16 × 8)] = 259 g/mol

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$n=\frac{520.8g/mol}{259g/mol}=2$

Multiplying this valency by the subscript of every element of empirical formula, we get:

$Mg_{(3\times 2)}Si_{(2\times 2)}H_{(3\times 2)}O_{(8\times 2)}=Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}$

Hence, the empirical and molecular formula of chrysotile is $Mg_3Si_2H_3O_4$ and $Mg_6Si_4H_6O_{16}$

5 0

3 years ago

Object A at 40ºC and object B at 80ºC are placed in contact with each other. Which statement describes the heat flow between the

Arada [10]

By the second law of thermodynamics:
Heat can not spontaneously flow from cold regions to hot regions without external work being performed on a system.
Heat transfer is the passage of thermal energy from a hot ( t B = 80° C ) to a colder body ( t A = 40° C ).
Answer: B ) Heat flows from object B to object A.

6 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

What did Rutherford’s gold foil experiment indicate?

Klio2033 [76]

The answer would be D.

4 0

3 years ago

Examine the diagram shown. Which are the correct labels for continental plates 1 and 2?

Over [174]

Answer:

Australian and eurasian

Explanation:

8 0

3 years ago

Chemistry, please help! Thanks.

Ilya [14]

Answer:

d. The gold(III) ion is most easily reduced.

Explanation:

The standard reduction potentials are

Au³⁺ + 3e⁻ ⟶ Au; 1.50 V

Hg²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Hg; 0.85 V

Zn²⁺ + 2e⁻ ⟶ Zn; -0.76 V

Na⁺ + e⁻ ⟶ Na; -2.71 V

A more positive voltage means that there is a stronger driving force for the reaction.

Thus, Au³⁺ is the best acceptor of electrons.

Reduction Is Gain of electrons and, Au³⁺ is gaining electrons, so

Au³⁺ is most easily reduced.

4 0

3 years ago