Answer:1. The instantaneous rate is the rate of a reaction at any particular point in time, a period of time that is so short that the concentrations of reactants and products change by a negligible amount. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction as it starts (as product just begins to form).
Explanation:
average rate
rate of a chemical reaction computed as the ratio of a measured change in amount or concentration of substance to the time interval over which the change occurred
initial rate
instantaneous rate of a chemical reaction at t = 0 s (immediately after the reaction has begun)
instantaneous rate
rate of a chemical reaction at any instant in time, determined by the slope of the line tangential to a graph of concentration as a function of time
rate of reaction
measure of the speed at which a chemical reaction takes place
rate expression
mathematical representation relating reaction rate to changes in amount, concentration, or pressure of reactant or product species per unit time
Solutions
Answers to Chemistry End of Chapter Exercises
1. The instantaneous rate is the rate of a reaction at any particular point in time, a period of time that is so short that the concentrations of reactants and products change by a negligible amount. The initial rate is the instantaneous rate of reaction as it starts (as product just begins to form). Average rate is the average of the instantaneous rates over a time period.
3.
rate
=
+
1
2
Δ
[
CIF
3
]
Δ
t
=
−
Δ
[
Cl
2
]
Δ
t
=
−
1
3
Δ
[
F
2
]
Δ
t
5. (a) average rate, 0 − 10 s = 0.0375 mol L−1 s−1; average rate, 12 − 18 s = 0.0225 mol L−1 s−1; (b) instantaneous rate, 15 s = 0.0500 mol L−1 s−1; (c) average rate for B formation = 0.0188 mol L−1 s−1; instantaneous rate for B formation = 0.0250 mol L−1 s−1
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