Answer:
Compound X has the formula C8H14.
X reacts with one molar equivalent of hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst to form a mixture of cis- and trans-1,2-dimethyl cyclohexane. Treatment of X with ozone followed by zinc in aqueous acid gives a ketone plus formaldehyde (CH2=O). What is the structure of X?
Explanation:
The degree of unsaturation in the given molecule C8H14 is:
DU=(Cn+1)-Hn/2-Xn/2+Nn/2
where,
Cn=number of carbon atoms
Hn=number of hydrogen atoms
Xn=number of halogen atoms
Nn=number of nitrogen atoms
C8H14:
DU=(8+1)-14/2
=>DU=9-7 =2
Hence, the given molecule will have either two double bonds or one double bond and one ring or two rings.
X reacts with one molar equivalent of hydrogen in the presence of a palladium catalyst to form a mixture of cis- and trans-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane.
This indicates that the molecule X has one double bond and one ring that is cyclohexane ring.
Treatment of X with ozone follwed by zinc in aqueous acid gives a ketone plus formaldehyde (CH2=O).
So, the molecule has a ring and double bond CH2.
Based on the given data the structure of compound X is shown below:
The reaction sequence is shown below:
Synthesis, decomposition, single replacement and double replacement.
Synthesis- two or more reactants unite to form a single product
S (Sulfur) + O2 (Oxygen) ——> SO2 (Sulphur dioxide)
Decomposition- A single reactant is decomposed or broken down into two or more
CaCO3 (Calcium Carbonate) ——> CaO (Calcium oxide) + CO2 (Carbon dioxide)
Single replacement- A single free element replaces or is substituted for one of the elements in a compound. The free element is more reactive than the one its replaces.
Zn (Zinc) + 2 HCI (hydrochloric acid) ——> H2 (hydrogen) + ZnCl2 (Zinc Chloride)
Double replacement- This reaction type can be viewed as an "exchange of partners." For ionic compounds, the positive ion in the first compound combines with the negative ion in the second compound, and the positive ion in the second compound combines with the negative ion in the first compound.
HCI (hydrochloric acid) + NaOH (sodium hydroxide) ——> NaCl (Sodium Chloride) + HOH (water)
Once reactants have absorbed enough heat energy from their surroundings to reach the transition state, the reaction will proceed. The activation energy of a particular reaction determines the rate at which it will proceed. The higher the activation energy, the slower the chemical reaction will be.
Answer:
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
Explanation:
