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To minimize neutron leakage from a reactor, the ratio of the surface area to the volume should be a minimum. For a given volume V the ratio of the sphere will be .
We know that the surface area and volume of the sphere is given by:
Therefore, the ratio between the surface area and the volume for the sphere will be:
Equating the volume to the constant c, we will find the value of .
Substituting the value of r in the ration between surface area and volume, we get:
Calculating the constants, we get:
Hence, the ration between surface area and volume is
To learn more about surface area and volume of sphere, refer to:
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Answer:
a) the magnitude of the force is
F= Q() and where k = 1/4πε₀
F = Qqs/4πε₀r³
b) the magnitude of the torque on the dipole
τ = Qqs/4πε₀r²
Explanation:
from coulomb's law
E =
where k = 1/4πε₀
the expression of the electric field due to dipole at a distance r is
E(r) = , where p = q × s
E(r) = where r>>s
a) find the magnitude of force due to the dipole
F=QE
F= Q()
where k = 1/4πε₀
F = Qqs/4πε₀r³
b) b) magnitude of the torque(τ) on the dipole is dependent on the perpendicular forces
τ = F sinθ × s
θ = 90°
note: sin90° = 1
τ = F × r
recall F = Qqs/4πε₀r³
∴ τ = (Qqs/4πε₀r³) × r
τ = Qqs/4πε₀r²