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trapecia [35]
3 years ago
6

Un acróbata de masa M, se impulsa hacia arriba con una velocidad v0 desde un

Physics
1 answer:
KatRina [158]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

La altura máxima que alcanzan el mono y el acróbata es z = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left(\frac{M}{M+m} \right)\cdot v_{o}^{2}+\left(1-\frac{M\cdot g}{M+m} \right)\cdot h.

Explanation:

Asumamos que tanto el acróbata, el mono y el sistema acróbata-mono son conservativos y que el acróbata comienza su acción a una altura de cero. El estudio se divide en dos etapas: (i) <em>El acróbata se dirige al mono</em>, (ii) <em>El acróbata recoge al mono y alcanzan una altura máxima</em>.

Para resolver esta cuestión, nos valemos del Principio de Conservación de la Energía.

Parte I

La energía cinética traslacional inicial (K_{1,a}) es igual a la suma de la energía cinética traslacional final (K_{2, a}) y la energía potencial gravitacional final (U_{g,2,a}).

K_{1,a} = K_{2,a} + U_{g,2,a} (1)

\frac{1}{2}\cdot M \cdot v_{o}^{2} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot M\cdot v_{1}^{2} + M\cdot g \cdot h (1b)

Donde:

M - Masa del acróbata.

g - Constante gravitacional.

v_{o} - Rapidez inicial del acróbata.

v_{1} - Rapidez del acróbata justo antes de recoger al mono.

h - Altura inicial del mono.

Parte II

La suma de las energías iniciales cinética traslacional (K_{2, a}) y potencial gravitacional de acróbata (U_{g,2,a}) y la energía inicial potencial gravitacional del mono (U_{g,2,m}) es igual a la suma de las energías potenciales gravitacionales iniciales del sistema acróbata-mono (U_{g,3,a+m}), es decir:

K_{2,a} + U_{g,2,a}+U_{g,2,m} = U_{g,3,a+m} (2)

\frac{1}{2}\cdot M\cdot v_{1}^{2} + (M+m)\cdot g \cdot h = (M+m)\cdot g \cdot z (2b)

Donde:

m - Masa del mono.

z - Altura máxima del sistema acróbata-mono.

De (1b) tenemos que la rapidez del acróbata justo antes de recoger al mono es:

\frac{1}{2}\cdot M \cdot v_{o}^{2} = \frac{1}{2}\cdot M\cdot v_{1}^{2} + M\cdot g \cdot h

v_{o}^{2} = v_{1}^{2}+2\cdot g\cdot h

v_{1} = \sqrt{v_{o}^{2}-2\cdot g\cdot h}

Finalmente, la altura máxima alcanzada por el sistema acróbata-mono es:

\frac{1}{2}\cdot M\cdot v_{1}^{2} + (M+m)\cdot g \cdot h = (M+m)\cdot g \cdot z

z = \frac{M\cdot v_{1}^{2}}{2\cdot (M+m)\cdot g}+h

z = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left(\frac{M}{M+m} \right)\cdot (v_{o}^{2}-2\cdot g\cdot h)+ h

z = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left(\frac{M}{M+m} \right)\cdot v_{o}^{2}+\left(1-\frac{M\cdot g}{M+m} \right)\cdot h

La altura máxima que alcanzan el mono y el acróbata es z = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \left(\frac{M}{M+m} \right)\cdot v_{o}^{2}+\left(1-\frac{M\cdot g}{M+m} \right)\cdot h.

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