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3 years ago

Determine whether each phrase describes carboxylic acids or esters.

Chemistry

1 answer:

Thepotemich [5.8K]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

Carboxylic acids produce hydrogen bonds amongst themselves and possess lower vapor pressure. They generally possess a sour odor. When an acid and a base react with each other to produce salt and water and comprises the combination of hydrogen and hydroxide ions, the reaction is termed the neutralization reaction. Thus, when carboxylic acid reacts with base the reaction is termed neutralization.

On the other hand, esters are known for their pleasant fragrances. They do not produce hydrogen bonds amongst themselves and possess higher vapor pressure. A hydration reaction in which free hydroxide dissociates the ester bonds between the glycerol and fatty acids of a triglyceride, leading to the formation of free fatty acids and glycerol is termed saponification.

Thus, the given blanks can be filled with carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid, esters, esters, esters, and carboxylic acid.

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A 5.00-g sample of copper metal at 25.0 °C is heated by the addition of 133 J of energy. The final temperature of the copper is

vekshin1

<u>Answer:</u> The final temperature of the copper is 95°C.

<u>Explanation:</u>

To calculate the final temperature for the given amount of heat absorbed, we use the equation:

$Q= m\times c\times \Delta T$

Q = heat absorbed = +133 J (heat is added to the system)

m = mass of copper = 5.00 g

c = specific heat capacity of copper = 0.38 J/g ° C

$\Delta T={\text{Change in temperature}}=T_2-T_1$

$T_1=25^oC$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$+133J=5.00g\times 0.38J/g^oC\times (T_2-25)\\\\T_2=95^oC$

Hence, the final temperature of the copper is 95°C.

3 0

3 years ago

A titration of 25.0 mL of a solution of the weak base aniline, C6H5NH2, requires 25.67 mL of 0.175 M HCl to reach the equivalenc

Lorico [155]

Answer:

a. 0.180M of C₆H₅NH₂

b. 0.0887M C₆H₅NH₃⁺

c. pH = 2.83

Explanation:

a. Based in the chemical equation:

C₆H₅NH₂(aq) + HCl(aq) → C₆H₅NH₃⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)

<em>1 mole of aniline reacts per mole of HCl</em>

Moles required to reach equivalence point are:

Moles HCl = 0.02567L ₓ (0.175mol / L) = 4.492x10⁻³ moles HCl = moles C₆H₅NH₂

As the original solution had a volume of 25.0mL = 0.0250L:

4.492x10⁻³ moles C₆H₅NH₂ / 0.0250L = 0.180M of C₆H₅NH₂

b. At equivalence point, moles of C₆H₅NH₃⁺ are equal to initial moles of C₆H₅NH₂, that is 4.492x10⁻³ moles

But now, volume is 25.0mL + 25.67mL = 50.67mL = 0.05067L. Thus, molar concentration of C₆H₅NH₃⁺ is:

[C₆H₅NH₃⁺] = 4.492x10⁻³ moles / 0.05067L = 0.0887M C₆H₅NH₃⁺

c. At equivalence point you have just 0.0887M C₆H₅NH₃⁺ in solution. C₆H₅NH₃⁺ has as equilibrium in water:

C₆H₅NH₃⁺(aq) + H₂O(l) → C₆H₅NH₂ + H₃O⁺

Where Ka = Kw / Kb = 1x10⁻¹⁴ / 4.0x10⁻¹⁰ =

When the system reaches equilibrium, molar concentrations are:

[C₆H₅NH₃⁺] = 0.0887M - X

[C₆H₅NH₂] = X

[H₃O⁺] = X

Replacing in Ka formula:

2.5x10⁻⁵ = [X] [X] / [0.0887M - X]

2.2175x10⁻⁶ - 2.5x10⁻⁵X = X²

0 = X² + 2.5x10⁻⁵X - 2.2175x10⁻⁶

Solving for X:

X = -0.0015 → False solution. There is no negative concentrations.

X = 0.001477 → Right solution.

As [H₃O⁺] = X, [H₃O⁺] = 0.001477

Knowing pH = -log [H₃O⁺]

pH = -log 0.001477

7 0

3 years ago

What is an atomic number? An atomic mass?

mrs_skeptik [129]

Answer:

The atomic number is the number of the elements inside the periodic table and the mass is the weight or a number under the elements.

Explanation:

Correct me if I am wrong

4 0

3 years ago

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Use the information below to explain why the atomic radius decreases down a group.

notsponge [240]

Answer:

Detail is given below

Explanation:

Atomic radii trend along group:

As we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.

As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.

In A we can see that there is one positive charge and force of attraction is 2.30×10⁻⁸ N and distance is 0.10 nm

In B we can see that negative charge is further away from nucleus because of greater distance thus force of attraction will be less. 0.58×10⁻⁸ N

In C this distance further increases and force also goes in decreasing 0.26×10⁻⁸ N.

3 0

3 years ago

In the reaction MnO₂ + 4HCI MnCl₂ + 2H₂O + Cl₂, which<br> species is reduced?

Triss [41]

Answer:

4 HCl (aq) + MnO2 (s) → MnCl2 (aq) + Cl2 (g) + 2 H2O (l)

This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:

MnIV + 2 e- → MnII (reduction)

2 Cl-I - 2 e- → 2 Cl0 (oxidation)

MnO2 is an oxidizing agent, HCl is a reducing agent.

Reactants:

HCl – Chlorane, Hydrogen chloride

Other names: Hydrochloric acid
Appearance: Colorless, transparent liquid, fumes in air if concentrated; Colorless gas; Colourless compressed liquefied gas with pungent odour; Colorless to slightly yellow gas with a pungent, irritating odor. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

MnO2 – Manganese oxide, Manganese(IV) oxide

Other names: Manganese dioxide, Pyrolusite, Hyperoxide of manganese

Appearance: Brown-black solid Black-to-brown powder

Products:

MnCl2 – Manganese(II) chloride, Manganese dichloride

Other names: Manganous chloride, Manganous dichloride Manganese(II) chloride (1:2)

Appearance: Pink solid (tetrahydrate)

Cl2

Names: Chlorine, Molecular chlorine

Appearance: Greenish-yellow compressed liquefied gas with pungent odour ; Greenish-yellow gas with a pungent, irritating odor. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

H2O – Water, oxidane

Other names: Water (H2O) Hydrogen hydroxide (HH or HOH) Hydrogen oxide

Appearance: White crystalline solid, almost colorless liquid with a hint of blue, colorless gas

Explanation:

6 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers