A concentration gradient happens when there is a change of the concentration in solution for period of time. Diffusion is the movement of molecules or ions. The relationship between the two of them is molecules diffuse down from an area with a higher concentration to a lower one. An example of this is putting dye in water.
Answer:
(a) Pair 1: H₂S and HS⁻
Pair 2: NH₃ and NH₄⁺
(b) Pair 1: HSO₄⁻ and SO₄⁻
Pair 2: NH₃ and NH₄⁺
(c) Pair 1: HBr and Br⁻
Pair 2: CH₃O⁻ and CH₃OH
(d) Pair 1: HNO₃ and NO₃⁻
Pair 2: H₃O⁺
Explanation:
When an acid loses its proton (H⁺), a conjugate base is produced.
When a base accepts a proton (H⁺), it forms a conjugate acid.
(a) H₂S is an acid. When it loses a proton, it forms the conjugate base HS⁻.
NH₃ is a base. When NH₃ gains a proton, it forms the conjugate acid NH₄⁺
(b) The acid HSO₄⁻ loses a H⁺ ion and forms the conjugate base SO₄²⁻.
The base NH₃ accepts a H⁺ ion to form the conjugate acid NH₄⁺.
(c) HBr is an acid. When loses the H⁺ ion, it forms the conjugate base Br⁻.
CH₃O⁻ accepts a H⁺ ion to form the conjugate acid CH₃OH.
(d) HNO₃ loses a proton to form the conjugate base NO₃⁻.
H₂O gains a proton to form the conjugate acid H₃O⁺.
Given:
AgCl (s) ===> Ag+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
- negative entropy
H2O(g) ===> H2O(l)
- positive entropy
2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) ===> 2NaCl (s)
- positive entropy
Br2(l) ===> Br2 (s)
-positive entropy
They are identified to have positive or negative values of entropy based on the phases of the reactants and products.
Answer:
12, basic, 9, basic
Explanation:
pH = -log[H+]
Using the data in the table, you can calculate the pH:
-log[1e-12] = 12
-log[1e-9] = 9
To find out whether it is acidic, basic, or neutral, use a pH scale. Anything less than 7 is acidic, anything over is basic. Knowing this, both will be basic.
The answer is b. Food chains are extremely fragile. In many occasions, the health of a species will depend on the survival of the species right under. At the end, we realize that the chain is quite fragile because everyone depends on each other, but not every species are strong enough to survive the change in their environment.
