Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
What is unmeasured cofounding?
- By definition, an unmeasured confounder is a variable that is connected to both the exposed and the result and could explain the apparent observed link.
- The validity of interpretation in observational studies is threatened by unmeasured confounding. The use of negative control group to reduce unmeasured confounding has grown in acceptance and popularity in recent years.
Although they've been utilised mostly for bias detection, negative controls have a long history in laboratory sciences and epidemiology of ruling out non-causal causes. A pair of negative control exposure and outcome variables can be utilised to non-parametrically determine the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational data that is vulnerable to uncontrolled confounding, according to a recent study by Miao and colleagues.
Reliable causal inference based on observational studies is seriously threatened by unmeasured confounding.
Learn more about unmeasured confounding here:
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Answer: its A
Step-by-step explanation:
Because
Answer:
3 × 5 × 5 × 2 × 2 × 2
Step-by-step explanation:
Make a factor tree.
But let me explain the above to prove it's correct.
3 × 5 = 15
15 × 5 = 75
75 × 2 = 150
150 × 2 = 300
300 × 2 = 600
Therefore 600 as a product of prime factors is: <u>3 × 5 × 5 × 2 × 2 × 2</u>
Answer:
(146 + 0i)
Step-by-step explanation:
(11+5i)(11-5i)
The formula is :
(a+bi) • (x+yi) = ax+by•i^2+(ay+bx)i
and since i^2 = -1 it can be written as :
ax - by + (ay + bx) i
( 11 + 5i) • ( 11 - 5i) =
(146 + 0i)
hope this helped brainlest owo???
It's simple. First, multiply 3/4 by 5. As a decimal, this equals 3.75. Therefore, the number of miles marine bikes on Tuesday is between 3 and 4.
Hope I helped! :)
