I don't really now a answer to the first one but this answer is for the second one: They provide a standardized system of classification for a language barrier.
Answer:
The excess charge is
Explanation:
From the question we are told that
The diameter is 
The potential of the surface is 
The radius of the sphere is

substituting values


The potential on the surface is mathematically represented as

Where k is coulomb's constant with value 
given from the question that there is no other charge the Q is the excess charge
Thus

substituting values


(1) The time of motion of the arrow is 0.25 s.
(2) The vertical height dropped by the arrow as it approaches the target is 0.31 m.
The given parameters:
- <em>Horizontal distance of the arrow, X = 20 m</em>
- <em>Horizontal speed of the arrow, v = 80 m/s</em>
<em />
The time of motion of the arrow is calculated as follows;

The vertical height dropped by the arrow as it approaches the target is calculated as follows;

Learn more about time of motion of projectile here: brainly.com/question/1912408
Answer:
The answer is C
Explanation:
Force is a vector quantity so it has both magnitude and direction. The question shows 20N act as magnitude and Southeast act as direction.