The titration of HCl with NaOH is an example of:
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Answer :
According to the law of conservation of mass, the mass of reactants must be equal to the mass of products.
The balanced chemical reaction is,
As we know that the molar mass of magnesium is 24 g/mole, the molar mass of is 32 g/mole and the molar mass of magnesium oxide is 40 g/mole.
From the given balanced reaction, we conclude that
As, 1 mole of magnesium react mole of oxygen to give 1 mole of magnesium oxide.
So, the mass of Mg is 24 g, the mass of and the mass of MgO is 40 g.
That means 24 g of Mg react with 16 g to give 40 g of MgO.
The reaction described above is the formation of an acetal. The initial starting material has a central carbonyl and two terminal alcohol functional groups. In the presence of acid, the carbonyl will become protonated, making the carbon of the carbonyl susceptible to nucleophilic attack from one of the alcohols. The alcohol substitutes onto the carbon of the carbonyl to provide us with the intermediate shown.
The intermediate will continue to react in the presence of acid and the -OH that was once the carbonyl will become protonated, turning it into a good leaving group. The protonated alcohol leaves and is substituted by the other terminal alcohol to give the final acetal product. The end result of the overall reaction is the loss of water from the original molecule to give the spiroacetal shown in the image provided.
The intermediate will continue to react in the presence of acid and the -OH that was once the carbonyl will become protonated, turning it into a good leaving group. The protonated alcohol leaves and is substituted by the other terminal alcohol to give the final acetal product. The end result of the overall reaction is the loss of water from the original molecule to give the spiroacetal shown in the image provided.