The answer to this problem is E
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The expected parameters in Stratopause are; Temperature: -15 degrees Celsius, Pressure: 1 milibar and Water vapor concentration: cannot be determined.
<u>Explanation</u>:
"Stratopause" is the interaction between the ionosphere and the stratosphere. It is 50-55 km high above the earth surface that is why temperature is very less approximately -15 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit). As it is a thin layer separating the stratosphere and ionosphere actual water vapor concentration cannot be determined. The atmospheric pressure is around 1/1000 of the pressure at sea level.
Answer:
b. hydride shift from C-3 to C-2.
Explanation:
Markovnikov's rule states that *in the addition of a protic acid HX or other polar reagent to an asymmetric alkene, the acid hydrogen (H) or electropositive part gets attached to the carbon with more hydrogen substituents, and the halide (X) group or electronegative part gets attached to the carbon with more alkyl substituents* (wikipedia).
This rule implies that the hydrogen of HBr will be attached to C-1 and the carbocation will be on C-2. Remember that the order of stability of carbocations is tertiary > secondary > primary > methyl. A hydride shift can yield a tertiary carbocation.
C-3 is a tertiary carbon atom. If the hydride on carbon 3 shifts to carbon 2, a tertiary and more stable carbocation is formed. This accounts for the major product in the reaction.