For this question, you need to use the number of valence electrons present in each element. Boron is in group 3/13 on the periodic table so you know it has 3 valence electrons while Fluorine is in group 7/17 so it has 7 valence electrons. These elements are both covalent so they will share electrons. All elements in the first three rows want to reach either have 8 valence electrons or zero valence electrons depending on whichever is easier. When B and F interact each Fluorine will only want to take one electron, but Boron wants to get rid of all 3 electrons, so it will bond with 3 Fluorine to get rid of all its valence electrons.
