Crude oil was formed by hydrocarbons or distillate from decaying animal matter migrating to stratigraphic traps like folds in the sedimentary rocks like anticlines which are dome-shaped folds in the rocks.
In North America, the First Nations used the pitchy tar sands near Fort McMurray to waterproof their canoes long ago before the white man arrived.
In Alberta, the first successful oil well to be drilled was in approximately 1947 called the Leduc well and then oil drilling blossomed from there. Crude oil would be refined to process this oil at that time and broken down into fractions.
Large scale expansion of the oil industry got impetus from the widespread use of automobiles and planes in the early part of the 20th century and then once discoveries like the Leduc well were made, then it became apparent that it was possible to figure out where the oil was and then it blossomed.
In 1907. Leo Baekeland invented bakelite from petroleum ie a polymer.
Nylon and polyester were developed from petroleum in the 1930's and 1941 respectively.,
In 1865, Edward Roberts, an American discovered that by exploding a torpedo with explosive powder in it in an oil well it could increase the well yield by up to 1200%
Peak oil is estimated to be very soon between 2010 and 2030 or most likely before 2020 so anytime soon and after that the reserves are expected to diminish. The world should be converting strongly to alternative energy sources the sooner the better especially to prevent the potential pollution of pipelines and oil tankersl
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In ionic bonding, an arrow is often drawn on the diagram to show the direction the electrons move to form the ions.
Answer:
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 4p²
Explanation:
This atom will likely have 4 electron shells denotation of – 2.8.8.4
Orbitals shells show the probability, in space around the nucleus, where to find an electron. It is important to note that the 3rd shell has an additional d orbital (-in addition to s and p). However, because the d orbital has a higher energy state than the 4s and 4p orbitals, the d orbital only fills up when these latter ones are completely filled. In this case, the 4p does not completely fill (hence we don't see the d orbital in the notation).
Answer:
3.1 x 10⁻²¹ Nm
Explanation:
When placed in an external electric filed, an electric dipole experiences a torque. and this torque is represented mathematically with the equation:
torque (τ) = dipole moment vector (P) x electric field vector (E)
τ = P. E . sin θ
where θ is the angle between the water molecule and the electric field, which in this case is 90° (because this is where the torque is maximum)
τ = 6.2x10⁻³⁰Cm . 5.0x10⁸ N/C . sin90
τ = 6.2x10⁻³⁰Cm . 5.0x10⁸ N/C . 1
solve for τ
τ = 3.1 x 10⁻²¹ Nm
the maximum possible torque on the water molecule is therefore 3.1 x 10⁻²¹ Nm
