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3 years ago

The figure below appeared three heat treatments processes of steel (A, B and C),

Engineering

1 answer:

Contact [7]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Explanation:

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A commuter train traveling at 50 mi/h is 3 mi from a station. The train then decelerates so that its speed is 15 mi/h when it is

jonny [76]

Answer:

a) $t = 277.477\,s\,(4.625\min)$ , b) $v_{f} = 0\,\frac{mi}{h}$ , c) $a = -0.128\,\frac{ft}{s^{2}}$

Explanation:

a) The deceleration experimented by the commuter train in the first 2.5 miles is:

$a=\frac{[(15\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,mi} )\cdot (\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )]^{2}-[(50\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,mi} )\cdot (\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )]^{2}}{2\cdot (2.5\,mi)\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,mi} )}$

$a = -0.185\,\frac{ft}{s^{2}}$

The time required to travel is:

$t = \frac{(15\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,fi} )\cdot(\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )-(50\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,fi} )\cdot(\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )}{-0.185\,\frac{ft}{s^{2}} }$

$t = 277.477\,s\,(4.625\min)$

b) The commuter train must stop when it reaches the station to receive passengers. Hence, speed of train must be $v_{f} = 0\,\frac{mi}{h}$ .

c) The final constant deceleration is:

$a = \frac{(0\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,mi} )\cdot(\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )-(15\,\frac{mi}{h} )\cdot (\frac{5280\,ft}{1\,mi} )\cdot(\frac{1\,h}{3600\,s} )}{(2.875\,min)\cdot (\frac{60\,s}{1\,min} )}$

$a = -0.128\,\frac{ft}{s^{2}}$

7 0

4 years ago

A silicon carbide plate fractured in bending when a blunt load was applied to the plate center. The distance between the fractur

Amanda [17]

Question in order:

A silicon carbide plate fractures in bending when a blunt load was applied to the plate center. The distance between the fracture origin and the mirror/mist boundary on the fracture surface was 0.796 mm. To determine the stress used to break the plate, three samples of the same material were tested and produced the following. What is the estimate of the stress present at the time of fracture for the original plate?

Mirror Radius (mm) Bending Failure Stress (MPa)

0.603 225

0.203 368

0.162 442

Answer:

191 MPa

Explanation:

Failure stress of bending is Inversely proportional to the mirror radius

$Bending Stress = \frac{1}{(Mirror Radius)^{n}}$

At mirror radius 1 = 0.603 mm Bending stress 1 = 225 Mpa..............(1)

At mirror radius 2 = 0.203 mm Bending stress 2 = 368 Mpa...............(2)

At mirror radius 3 = 0.162 mm Bending stress 3 = 442 Mpa...............(3)

comparing case 1 and 2 using the above equation

$\frac{Stress 1}{Stress 2} = ({\frac{Radius 2}{Radius 1}})^{n_1}$

$\frac{225}{368} = ({\frac{0.203}{0.603}})^{n_1}$

$0.6114 = (0.3366)^{n_1}$

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.6114) = n ln(0.3366)

n₁ = ln(0.6114)/ln(0.3366)

n₁ = 0.452

comparing case 2 and 3 using the above equation

$\frac{Stress 2}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius 2}})^{n_2}$

$\frac{368}{442} = ({\frac{0.162}{0.203}})^{n_2}$

$0.8326 = (0.7980)^{n_2}$

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.8326) = n ln(0.7980)

n₂ = ln(0.8326)/ln(0.7980)

n₂ = 0.821

comparing case 1 and 3 using the above equation

$\frac{Stress 1}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius 1}})^{n_3}$

$\frac{225}{442} = ({\frac{0.162}{0.603}})^{n_3}$

$0.5090 = (0.2687)^{n_3}$

Taking the natural logarithm of both side

ln(0.5090) = n ln(0.2687)

n₃ = ln(0.5090)/ln(0.2687)

n₃ = 0.514

average for n

$n = \frac{n_1 + n_2 + n_3}{3}$

$n = \frac{0.452 +0.821 + 0.514}{3}$

n = 0.596

Hence to get bending stress x at mirror radius 0.796

$\frac{Stress x}{Stress 3} = ({\frac{Radius 3}{Radius x}})^{0.596}$

$\frac{Stress x}{225} = ({\frac{0.603}{0.796}})^{0.596}$

$\frac{Stress x}{225} = 0.8475$

stress x = 191 MPa

3 0

4 years ago

Steam flows steadily through an adiabatic turbine. The inlet conditions of the steam are 10 MPa, 450°C, and 80 m/s, and the exit

8090 [49]

Answer:

a) The change in Kinetic energy, KE = -1.95 kJ

b) Power output, W = 10221.72 kW

c) Turbine inlet area, $A_1 = 0.0044 m^2$

Explanation:

a) Change in Kinetic Energy

For an adiabatic steady state flow of steam:

$KE = \frac{V_2^2 - V_1^2}{2} \\$ .........(1)

Where Inlet velocity, V₁ = 80 m/s

Outlet velocity, V₂ = 50 m/s

Substitute these values into equation (1)

$KE = \frac{50^2 - 80^2}{2} \\$

KE = -1950 m²/s²

To convert this to kJ/kg, divide by 1000

KE = -1950/1000

KE = -1.95 kJ/kg

b) The power output, w

The equation below is used to represent a steady state flow.

$q - w = h_2 - h_1 + KE + g(z_2 - z_1)$

For an adiabatic process, the rate of heat transfer, q = 0

z₂ = z₁

The equation thus reduces to :

w = h₁ - h₂ - KE...........(2)

Where Power output, $W = \dot{m}w$ ..........(3)

Mass flow rate, $\dot{m} = 12 kg/s$

To get the specific enthalpy at the inlet, h₁

At P₁ = 10 MPa, T₁ = 450°C,

h₁ = 3242.4 kJ/kg,

Specific volume, v₁ = 0.029782 m³/kg

At P₂ = 10 kPa, $h_f = 191.81 kJ/kg, h_{fg} = 2392.1 kJ/kg$ , x₂ = 0.92

specific enthalpy at the outlet, h₂ = $h_1 + x_2 h_{fg}$

h₂ = 3242.4 + 0.92(2392.1)

h₂ = 2392.54 kJ/kg

Substitute these values into equation (2)

w = 3242.4 - 2392.54 - (-1.95)

w = 851.81 kJ/kg

To get the power output, put the value of w into equation (3)

W = 12 * 851.81

W = 10221.72 kW

c) The turbine inlet area

$A_1V_1 = \dot{m}v_1\\\\A_1 * 80 = 12 * 0.029782\\\\80A_1 = 0.357\\\\A_1 = 0.357/80\\\\A_1 = 0.0044 m^2$

3 0

4 years ago

Calculate the electroosmotic velocity of an aqueous solution through a glass capillary 5 cm long with a 0.5 mm internal diameter

natita [175]

Answer:

Electroosmotic velocity will be equal to $1.6\times 10^{-4}m/sec$

Explanation:

We have given applied voltage v = 100 volt

Length of capillary L = 5 mm = 0.005 m

Zeta potential of the capillary surface $\xi =80mV=0.08volt$

Dielectric constant of glass is between 5 to 10 here we are taking dielectric constant as $\epsilon =10$

Viscosity of glass is $\eta =10^8$

Electroosmotic velocity is given as $v_{eo}=\frac{\epsilon \xi }{\eta }\times \frac{v}{L}$

$v_{eo}=\frac{10\times 0.08 }{10^8 }\times \frac{100}{0.005}=1.6\times 10^{-4}m/sec$

So Electroosmotic velocity will be equal to $1.6\times 10^{-4}m/sec$

8 0

4 years ago

A college student volunteers with the elderly in a hospice program and discovers her clients complain of dry skin. She has an id

daser333 [38]

Answer:

Explanation: She hopes to be able to make this, however she hasn't yet...therefore she is thinking of a concept and it's development

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3 years ago

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