Answer:
a) What is the surface temperature, in °C, after 400 s?
T (0,400 sec) = 800°C
b) Yes, the surface temperature is greater than the ignition temperature of oak (400°C) after 400 s
c) What is the temperature, in °C, 1 mm from the surface after 400 s?
T (1 mm, 400 sec) = 798.35°C
Explanation:
oak initial Temperature = 25°C = 298 K
oak exposed to gas of temp = 800°C = 1073 K
h = 20 W/m².K
From the book, Oak properties are e=545kg/m³ k=0.19w/m.k Cp=2385J/kg.k
Assume: Volume = 1 m³, and from energy balance the heat transfer is an unsteady state.
From energy balance:
Initial temperature wall =
Surface temperature = T
Gas exposed temperature =
Answer:
r=0.31
Ф=18.03°
Explanation:
Given that
Diameter of bar before cutting = 75 mm
Diameter of bar after cutting = 73 mm
Mean diameter of bar d= (75+73)/2=74 mm
Mean length of uncut chip = πd
Mean length of uncut chip = π x 74 =232.45 mm
So cutting ratio r
r=0.31
So the cutting ratio is 0.31.
As we know that shear angle given as
Now by putting the values
\
Ф=18.03°
So the shear angle is 18.03°.
Given:
Temperature of water, =
=273 +(-6) =267 K
Temperature surrounding refrigerator, =
=273 + 21 =294 K
Specific heat given for water, = 4.19 KJ/kg/K
Specific heat given for ice, = 2.1 KJ/kg/K
Latent heat of fusion, = 335KJ/kg
Solution:
Coefficient of Performance (COP) for refrigerator is given by:
Max =
= = 9.89
Coefficient of Performance (COP) for heat pump is given by:
Max =
= 10.89