Answer : The correct answer for a) 4-bromo-2-iodo-4-methyl pentane and b)5-bromo-2-ethoxy-2-methyl pentane.
A) Reaction with NaI :
Reaction of alkyl halide with NaI is known as Finkelstein Reaction . The acetone is used as solvent . It involves bimolecular nucleophillic substitution rmechanism (SN²) . There is replecement of one halogen with other occurs .
The incoming Nucleophile(Nu⁻) (halide) attacks on carbon from back side , while the leaving group (halide) leaves the compound from front side , simultaneously. The product so formed have is inverted .(Image)
NaI releases I⁻ ion which act as nucelophile and attacks on C1 carbon and Br⁻ from C1 carbon is released . Out of two bromines at C1 and C4 carbons , C1 is primary carbon which is less sterically hindered while C-4 is tertiary carbon and sterically hindered . So it is easy for incoming Nu⁻ to attack on C1 carbon .So Br⁻ is repleaced by I⁻.
1,4-dibromo-4-methylpentane + NaI → 4-bromo-1-iodo-4-methylpentane
The product formed from reaction between 1,4-dibromo-4-methylpentane and NaI is 4-bromo-1-iodo-4-methylpentane . (Image)
B) Reaction with AgNO3 :
Reaction of alkyl halide with AgNO3 in ethanol takes place via SN¹ ( unimolecular nucleophilic substitution ) mechanism . In this leaving group(halide) leaves from alkyl halide forming an intermediate carbocation species . The incoming Nu⁻ attack on this carbocation.
AgNO3 reacts releases Ag⁺ion which abstract Br⁻ of C-4 carbon from 1,4-dibromo-4-methylpentane. THis forms tertiary carbocation which is more stable than carbocation formed by removal of Br from C-1 . The ethanol being more Nucleophilic than NO₃⁻ (from AgNO₃), attacks on this carbocation .(Image )
The product formed as a result is 5-bromo-2-ethoxy-2-methyl pentane.
Answer: C= 0.406 M
Explanation:
Solution.
ν
=
0.730
m
o
l
;
ν=0.730mol;
V
=
1.8
⋅
1
0
3
m
L
=
1.8
L
;
V=1.8⋅10
3 mL=1.8L;
C=0.730mol
1.8 L=0.406 M
C= 1.8L
0.730mol =0.406M
The student made a mistake because he did not convert a unit of volume from milliliters to liters. After all, molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution.
Answer:
Epithelial tissues act as coverings, controlling the movement of materials across their surface. Connective tissue binds the various parts of the body together, providing support and protection. Muscle tissue allows the body to move and nervous tissues functions in communication.
Explanation:
Types of Bonds can be predicted by calculating the
difference in electronegativity.
If, Electronegativity difference is,
Less
than 0.4 then it is Non Polar Covalent
Between 0.4 and 1.7 then it is Polar Covalent
Greater than 1.7 then it is Ionic
For N₂,
E.N of Nitrogen = 3.04
E.N of Nitrogen = 3.04
________
E.N Difference
0.00 (Non Polar Covalent)
For Na₂O,
E.N of Oxygen = 3.44
E.N of Sodium = 0.93
________
E.N Difference 2.51 (Ionic)
For CO₂,
E.N of Oxygen = 3.44
E.N of Carbon = 2.55
________
E.N Difference 0.89 (Polar Covalent)