Ionization energy (IE) is the amount of energy required to remove an electron.
If you observe the IEs sequentially, there is a large gap between the 2nd and 3rd. This suggests it is difficult to remove more than 2 two electrons. Elements that lose two electrons to become more stable are found in the Group 2A (2 representing the number of electrons in the outermost valence shell).
Answer:
Fluorine has seven electrons in 2p-subshell whereas chlorine has seven electrons in its 3p-subshell. 3p-subshell is relatively larger than 2p-subshell. Therefore, repulsion among the electrons will be more in the 2p-shell of fluorine than 3p-subshell in chlorine. Due to the smaller size and thus, the greater electron-electron repulsions, fluorine will not accept an incoming electron with the same as chlorine.
D. <span>carbon and hydrogen</span>
