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Sveta_85 [38]
3 years ago
9

Consider a Carnot heat-engine cycle executed in a closed system using 0.025 kg of steam as the working fluid. It is known that t

he maximum absolute temperature in the cycle is twice the minimum absolute temperature, and the net work output of the cycle is 60 kJ. If the steam changes from saturated vapor to saturated liquid during heat rejection, determine the temperature of the steam during the heat rejection process. The temperature of the steam during the heat rejection process is
Physics
1 answer:
ArbitrLikvidat [17]3 years ago
4 0

Answer:

The temperature of the steam during the heat rejection process is 42.5°C

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

the maximum temperature T_H in the cycle is twice the minimum absolute temperature T_L in the cycle

T_H  = 0.5T_L

now, we find the efficiency of the Carnot cycle engine

η_{th = 1 - T_L/T_H

η_{th = 1 - T_L/0.5T_L

η_{th = 0.5

the efficiency of the Carnot heat engine can be expressed as;

η_{th = 1 - W_{net/Q_H

where W_{net is net work done, Q_H is is the heat supplied

we substitute

0.5 = 60 / Q_H

Q_H = 60 / 0.5

Q_H = 120 kJ

Now, we apply the first law of thermodynamics to the system

W_{net = Q_H - Q_L

60 = 120 -  Q_L

Q_L = 60 kJ

now, the amount of heat rejection per kg of steam is;

q_L = Q_L/m

we substitute

q_L = 60/0.025

q_L = 2400 kJ/kg

which means for 1 kilogram of conversion of saturated vapor to saturated liquid , it takes 2400 kJ/kg of heat ( enthalpy of vaporization)

q_L = h_{fg = 2400 kJ/kg

now, at  h_{fg  = 2400 kJ/kg from saturated water tables;

T_L = 40 + ( 45 - 40 ) ( \frac{2400-2406.0}{2394.0-2406.0}\\} )

T_L = 40 + (5) × (0.5)

T_L = 40 + 2.5

T_L = 42.5°C  

Therefore, The temperature of the steam during the heat rejection process is 42.5°C  

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