Please include the statements
Answer:
pH =3.8
Explanation:
Lets call the monoprotic weak acid HA, the dissociation equilibria in water will be:
HA + H₂O ⇄ H₃O⁺ + A⁻ with Ka = [ H₃O⁺] x [A⁻]/ [HA]
The pH is the negative log of the H₃O⁺ concentration, we know the equilibrium constant, Ka and the original acid concentration. So we will need to find the [H₃O⁺] to solve this question.
In order to do that lets set up the ICE table helper which accounts for the species at equilibrium:
HA H₃O⁺ A⁻
Initial, M 0.40 0 0
Change , M -x +x +x
Equilibrium, M 0.40 - x x x
Lets express these concentrations in terms of the equilibrium constant:
Ka = x² / (0.40 - x )
Now the equilibrium constant is so small ( very little dissociation of HA ) that is safe to approximate 0.40 - x to 0.40,
7.3 x 10⁻⁶ = x² / 0.40 ⇒ x = √( 7.3 x 10⁻⁶ x 0.40 ) = 1.71 x 10⁻³
[H₃O⁺] = 1.71 x 10⁻³
Indeed 1.71 x 10⁻³ is small compared to 0.40 (0.4 %). To be a good approximation our value should be less or equal to 5 %.
pH = - log ( 1.71 x 10⁻³ ) = 3.8
Note: when the aprroximation is greater than 5 % we will need to solve the resulting quadratic equation.
A scientist needs to check several parameters before coming
to a conclusion about the amount of water pollution. The scientists needs to
check the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water, temperature of the water,
the clarity of the water, the PH level of the water and also the amount of
bacteria present in the water. There may be other criteria’s, but the mentioned
ones are enough to gauge the amount of pollution in the water. Scientists often
takes fish and aquatic plants from the water to be tested to check the amount
of pollution indirectly affecting these species.
The answer is B. They all have backbones. They can all do many tasks and their backbone allows them to do so. All mammals have backbones. Although an alligator is a reptile it still has a backbone
Atomic mass :
29.5 * 203 + 70.5 * 205 / 100 =
5988.5 + 14452.5 / 100 =
20441 / 100 = 204.41 u
atomic mass of Thallium <span>204.41 u
</span>
hope this helps!
