Answer:
(a)
(b) L reaches its maximum value when θ = 0 because cos²(0) = 1
Step-by-step explanation:
Lambert's Law is given by:
(1)
(a) We can rewrite the above equation in terms of sine function using the following trigonometric identity:

(2)
By entering equation (2) into equation (1) we have the equation in terms of the sine function:
(b) When θ = 0, we have:
We know that cos(θ) is a trigonometric function, between 1 and -1 and reaches its maximun values at nπ, when n = 0,1,2,3...
Hence, L reaches its maximum value when θ = 0 because cos²(0) = 1.
I hope it helps you!
Answer:
Common Difference(d) is

Step-by-step explanation:
Given sequence is :

If a sequence has a constant common difference throughout the sequence, then the sequence is called Arithmetic Progression.
Considering a sequence:


where 'd' is the common difference of the A.P.
Similarly, finding the common difference of the given sequence.



Common Difference(d) is

I usually add x and divide by too and add y and divide by 2
Answer:
it y= - 8x
Step-by-step explanation: