Answer:
The sum of positive and negative charges in a unit of Al2O3 equals zero.
Aluminium has a charge of +3 while Oxygen has a charge of -2 on each ion.
Al203 has 2 Al atoms and 3 O atoms.
Charge on Al2O3 = 2(charge on Al ion) + 3(charge on O ion)
= 2(3) + 3(-2)
= 6 - 6
= 0
Explanation:
Aluminium has 3 electrons in the outermost shell and has the tendency to lose those 3 electrons to form a positive ion and have a complete outermost shell.
Whereas, Oxygen has 6 electrons in the outermost and has the tendency to accept two more electrons to form a negative ion and have a complete outermost shell.
Answer:
<em>The comoving distance and the proper distance scale</em>
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Explanation:
The comoving distance scale removes the effects of the expansion of the universe, which leaves us with a distance that does not change in time due to the expansion of space (since space is constantly expanding). The comoving distance and proper distance are defined to be equal at the present time; therefore, the ratio of proper distance to comoving distance now is 1. The scale factor is sometimes not equal to 1. The distance between masses in the universe may change due to other, local factors like the motion of a galaxy within a cluster. Finally, we note that the expansion of the Universe results in the proper distance changing, but the comoving distance is unchanged by an expanding universe.
Answer:
the <em>ratio F1/F2 = 1/2</em>
the <em>ratio a1/a2 = 1</em>
Explanation:
The force that both satellites experience is:
F1 = G M_e m1 / r² and
F2 = G M_e m2 / r²
where
- m1 is the mass of satellite 1
- m2 is the mass of satellite 2
- r is the orbital radius
- M_e is the mass of Earth
Therefore,
F1/F2 = [G M_e m1 / r²] / [G M_e m2 / r²]
F1/F2 = [G M_e m1 / r²] × [r² / G M_e m2]
F1/F2 = m1/m2
F1/F2 = 1000/2000
<em>F1/F2 = 1/2</em>
The other force that the two satellites experience is the centripetal force. Therefore,
F1c = m1 v² / r and
F2c = m2 v² / r
where
- m1 is the mass of satellite 1
- m2 is the mass of satellite 2
- v is the orbital velocity
- r is the orbital velocity
Thus,
a1 = v² / r ⇒ v² = r a1 and
a2 = v² / r ⇒ v² = r a2
Therefore,
F1c = m1 a1 r / r = m1 a1
F2c = m2 a2 r / r = m2 a2
In order for the satellites to stay in orbit, the gravitational force must equal the centripetal force. Thus,
F1 = F1c
G M_e m1 / r² = m1 a1
a1 = G M_e / r²
also
a2 = G M_e / r²
Thus,
a1/a2 = [G M_e / r²] / [G M_e / r²]
<em>a1/a2 = 1</em>
Because the temperature causes it to go the physical change like if water is froze the temperate just caused it to go through another state of matter another example as if the ice got melted you would need high temperature to cause this change physically. Let me know if I help or if their is anything I can change for you to understand better
Given: Mass m = 60 Kg
Weight W = 96 N
Required: Acceleration due to gravity, g = ?
Formula: W = mg
g = W/g
g = 96 Kg.m/s²/60 Kg (note: this is the derive unit for Newton "N")
g = 1.6 m/s²
