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kobusy [5.1K]
3 years ago
12

Draw a structure showing an aromatic resonance form. Include formal charges and lone pair electrons on the oxygen atom.

Chemistry
1 answer:
ryzh [129]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

answer is attached

Explanation:

Benzene is a common organic solvent that was previously used in gasoline; it is no longer used for this purpose, however, because it is now known to be a carcinogen. The benzene molecule (C6H6C6H6) consists of a regular hexagon of carbon atoms, each of which is also bonded to a hydrogen atom. Use resonance structures to describe the bonding in benzene.

Given: molecular formula and molecular geometry

Asked for: resonance structures

Strategy:

Draw a structure for benzene illustrating the bonded atoms. Then calculate the number of valence electrons used in this drawing.

Subtract this number from the total number of valence electrons in benzene and then locate the remaining electrons such that each atom in the structure reaches an octet.

Draw the resonance structures for benzene.

Solution:

A Each hydrogen atom contributes 1 valence electron, and each carbon atom contributes 4 valence electrons, for a total of (6 × 1) + (6 × 4) = 30 valence electrons. If we place a single bonding electron pair between each pair of carbon atoms and between each carbon and a hydrogen atom, we obtain the following:

Each carbon atom in this structure has only 6 electrons and has a formal charge of +1, but we have used only 24 of the 30 valence electrons.

B If the 6 remaining electrons are uniformly distributed pairwise on alternate carbon atoms, we obtain the following:

Three carbon atoms now have an octet configuration and a formal charge of −1, while three carbon atoms have only 6 electrons and a formal charge of +1. We can convert each lone pair to a bonding electron pair, which gives each atom an octet of electrons and a formal charge of 0, by making three C=C double bonds.

C There are, however, two ways to do this:

Each structure has alternating double and single bonds, but experimentation shows that each carbon–carbon bond in benzene is identical, with bond lengths (139.9 pm) intermediate between those typically found for a C–C single bond (154 pm) and a C=C double bond (134 pm). We can describe the bonding in benzene using the two resonance structures, but the actual electronic structure is an average of the two. The existence of multiple resonance structures for aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene is often indicated by drawing either a circle or dashed lines inside the hexagon:

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What is the pH of a solution of RbOH with a concentration of 0.86 M? Answer to 2 decimal places
lubasha [3.4K]

Answer:The pH of the solution is given by pH=−log([H3O+])

Explanation:so you can't use

pH

=

−

log

(

0.150

)

because that's the concentration of the hydroxide anions,

OH

−

, not of the hydronium cations,

H

3

O

+

. In essence, you calculated the

pOH

of the solution, not its

pH

.

Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, which means that it dissociates completely in aqueous solution to produce hydroxide anions in a

1

:

1

mole ratio.

NaOH

(

a

q

)

→

Na

+

(

a

q

)

+

OH

−

(

a

q

)

So your solution has

[

OH

−

]

=

[

NaOH

]

=

0.150 M

Now, the

pOH

of the solution can be calculated by using

pOH

=

−

log

(

[

OH

−

]

)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

In your case, you have

pOH

=

−

log

(

0.150

)

=

0.824

Now, an aqueous solution at

25

∘

C

has

pH + pOH

=

14

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−so you can't use

pH

=

−

log

(

0.150

)

because that's the concentration of the hydroxide anions,

OH

−

, not of the hydronium cations,

H

3

O

+

. In essence, you calculated the

pOH

of the solution, not its

pH

.

Sodium hydroxide is a strong base, which means that it dissociates completely in aqueous solution to produce hydroxide anions in a

1

:

1

mole ratio.

NaOH

(

a

q

)

→

Na

+

(

a

q

)

+

OH

−

(

a

q

)

So your solution has

[

OH

−

]

=

[

NaOH

]

=

0.150 M

Now, the

pOH

of the solution can be calculated by using

pOH

=

−

log

(

[

OH

−

]

)

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

In your case, you have

pOH

=

−

log

(

0.150

)

=

0.824

Now, an aqueous solution at

25

∘

C

has

pH + pOH

=

14

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−

3 0
2 years ago
How many formula units are in 4.52 moles of H3SO3?<br> Type your answer
lakkis [162]

Answer:

The answer is 98.07848. We assume you are converting between grams H2SO4 and mole. You can view more details on each measurement unit: This compound is also known as Sulfuric Acid. The SI base unit for amount of substance is the mole. 1 grams H2SO4 is equal to 0.010195916576195 mole.

<u>Quick conversion chart of moles H2SO3 to grams</u>

1 moles H2SO3 to grams = 82.07908 grams

2 moles H2SO3 to grams = 164.15816 grams

3 moles H2SO3 to grams = 246.23724 grams

4 moles H2SO3 to grams = 328.31632 grams

5 moles H2SO3 to grams = 410.3954 grams

6 moles H2SO3 to grams = 492.47448 grams

7 moles H2SO3 to grams = 574.55356 grams

8 moles H2SO3 to grams = 656.63264 grams

9 moles H2SO3 to grams = 738.71172 grams

10 moles H2SO3 to grams = 820.7908 grams

7 0
3 years ago
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