Answer:
2.17
Explanation:
To calculate pH using the hygrogen ion concentration we must use the following formula:
- log (H+) = pH
All we have to do now is plug in our hygrogen ion concentration and put it in our calculator.
- log (6.8 × 10⁻³) = 2.17
Don't forget proper figures for pH!
To estimate the molar mass of the gas, we use Graham's law of effusion. This relates the rates of effusion of gases with their molar mass. We calculate as follows:
r1/r2 = √(m2/m1)
where r1 would be the effusion rate of the gas and r2 is for CO2, M1 is the molar mass of the gas and M2 would be the molar mass of CO2 (44.01 g/mol)
r1 = 1.6r2
1.6 = √(44.01 / m1)
m1 = 17.19 g/mol
The ABC fire extinguisher.
Assuming that you mean table sugar (sucrose), then at room temperature and without any catalyst, there is no reaction.
However if you elevate and hold the temperature of the aqueous solution at 50 to 60 °C (especially in the presence of a suitable catalyst, like mineral acid) the sucrose dimer will split into glucose and fructose. This is called hydrolysis and the resulting solution is called an invert sugar solution.
The reaction could be written as:
C12H22O11 (sucrose) + H2O (water) → C6H12O6 (glucose) + C6H12O6 (fructose)
or
C12H22O11 (aq) + H2O (l) → C6H12O6 (aq) + C6H12O6 (aq)
Notice that both of the produced sugars have the same empirical formula. Check with your instructor or in your textbook to see if more exact formulas are needed.
If they have a long halflife, you can tell how much time has gone by since the element last has changed on earth.
