Conduction, transfer of heat or electricity through a substance, resulting from a difference in temperature between different parts of the substance, in the case of heat, or from a difference in electric potential, in the case of electricity. Since heat is energy associated with the motions of the particles making up the substance, it is transferred by such motions, shifting from regions of higher temperature, where the particles are more energetic, to regions of lower temperature. The rate of heat flow between two regions is proportional to the temperature difference between them and the heat conductivity of the substance. In solids, the molecules themselves are bound and contribute to conduction of heat mainly by vibrating against neighboring molecules; a more important mechanism, however, is the migration of energetic free electrons through the solid. Metals, which have a high free-electron density, are good conductors of heat, while nonmetals, such as wood or glass, have few free electrons and do not conduct as well. Especially poor conductors, such as asbestos, have been used as insulators to impede heat flow (see insulation). Liquids and gases have their molecules farther apart and are generally poor conductors of heat. Conduction of electricity consists of the flow of charges as a result of an electromotive force, or potential difference. The rate of flow, i.e., the electric current, is proportional to the potential difference and to the electrical conductivity of the substance, which in turn depends on the nature of the substance, its cross-sectional area, and its temperature. In solids, electric current consists of a flow of electrons; as in the case of heat conduction, metals are better conductors of electricity because of their greater free-electron density, while nonmetals, such as rubber, are poor conductors and may be used as electrical insulators, or dielectrics. Increasing the cross-sectional area of a given conductor will increase the current because more electrons will be available for conduction. Increasing the temperature will inhibit conduction in a metal because the increased thermal motions of the electrons will tend to interfere with their regular flow in an electric current; in a nonmetal, however, an increase in temperature improves conduction because it frees more electrons.
To find slope
5-17
-------
-1+2
-12/-1 or 12 is the slope
Answer:
134K
Explanation:
Using the ideal gas law equation;
PV = nRT
Where;
P = pressure (atm)
V = volume (Litres)
n = number of moles (mol)
R = gas constant (0.0821 Latm/Kmol)
T = temperature (K)
Based on the information provided, n = 1.4moles, P = 3.25atm, V = 4.738L, T = ?
3.25 × 4.738 = 1.4 × 0.0821 × T
15.3985 = 0.11494T
T = 15.3985/0.11494
T = 133.969
Approximately;
T = 134K
Answer:
CaCO3(aq) → Ca2+(aq ) + CO3 2-(aq)
Explanation:
- Dissolution reactions are reactions that occur when a solute either in gaseous, liquid, or solid form dissolves in a solvent such as water to form a solution.
- In this case we are given Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) which undergoes dissolution according to the equation;
- CaCO3(aq) → Ca2+(aq ) + CO3 2-(aq)
- Then<em><u> the bicarbonate ion combines with two protons from water to form a weak acid H2CO3. The weak acid is then broken down to form CO2 and H2O since its unstable.</u></em>
Stir the water continuously, this is the only logical answer. Adding powdered sugar, decreasing the volume, increasing the amount of suga, cooling, all don't make the sugar dissolve quicker.
