Answer: Option (c) is the kinetic energy.
Explanation:
The kinetic energy present within the particles of a substance is known as thermal energy. Measure of average kinetic energy of particles of a substance is known as temperature.
Whereas heat defined as the transfer of thermal energy from a hot object to a cold object.
Enthalpy is defined as the heat gained or lost by a substance in a chemical reaction.
Thermodynamics is the study of relation between heat and work with chemical or physical changes.
Thus, we can conclude that a measure of kinetic energy of particle motion within a substance is temperature.
Answer: 8.59 L of oxygen gas are needed to produce 100 kJ of energy at STP
Explanation:
According to avogadro's law, 1 mole of every substance occupies 22.4 L at STP and contains avogadro's number
of particles.
Standard condition of temperature (STP) is 273 K and atmospheric pressure is 1 atmosphere respectively.
1 mole of every gas occupy volume at STP = 22.4 L
The balanced chemical reaction is:

3909.9 kJ of of energy is produced by = 
100 kJ of oxygen gas are needed to produce = 
H2 is known to exist. For dihydrogen, H2, we can identify the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs). The highest occupied molecular orbital (or HOMO) is the σ (sigma) 1s MO. The lowest unoccupied MO (LUMO) is the σ* (sigma star) 1s MO which is antibonding.
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