Does an object appear larger when the observer is closer or farther away from it?

State Boyle's, Charles's, and Gay-Lussac's laws using sentences, then equations

dimaraw [331]

Explanation:

1. Boyle's Law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature and number of moles.

$P\propto \frac{1}{V}$ (At constant temperature and number of moles)

$P_1\times {V_1}=P_2\times V_2$

2. Charles' Law states that volume is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure and number of moles.

$V\propto T$ (At constant pressure and number of moles

$\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}$

3. Gay Lussac's Law states that tempertaure is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas at constant volume and number of moles of gas

$P\propto T$ (At constant volume and number of moles)

$\frac{V_1}{n_1}=\frac{V_2}{n_2}$

7 0

3 years ago

What is the concentration of a solution with a volume of 2.5 liters containing 600 grams of calcium phosphate?

trapecia [35]

Answer:

1.12M

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Volume of solution = 2.5L

Mass of Calcium phosphate = 600g

Unknown:

Concentration = ?

Solution:

Concentration is the number of moles of solute in a particular solution.

Now, we find the number of moles of the calcium phosphate from the given mass;

Formula of calcium phosphate = Ca₃PO₄

molar mass = 3(40) + 31 + 4(16) = 215g/mol

Number of moles of Ca₃PO₄ = $\frac{600}{215}$ = 2.79moles

Now;

Concentration = $\frac{Number of moles }{volume }$

Concentration = $\frac{2.79}{2.5}$ = 1.12M

7 0

4 years ago

Calculate the volume of a sample of mercury with a density of 14.6 g/mL and a mass of 1.00 g. The answer is assumed to be in mL.

Darya [45]

Answer:

0.0685 mL

Explanation:

To find the volume of the sample, divide the mass by the density.

(1.00 g)/(14.6 g/mL) = 0.0685 mL

3 0

3 years ago

What three (3) factors determine the reactivity of elements? Explain and give examples of each.

Degger [83]

Explanation:

The three factors which determine the reactivity of elements are as follows.

(1) Number of valence electrons.

(2) Size of an atom.

(3) Electro negativity of an atom.

All these factors are explained as follows.

(1) Number of valence electrons

According to the octet rule, every atom requires to attain stability. Therefore, number of electrons in the outermost shell will decide the reactivity of an atom as every atom needs to fill its shells or sub shells as per the octet rule. As a result, the reactivity increases.

For example, the atomic number of chlorine is 17 and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{5}$

In the 3p sub shell, there is deficiency of one electron. So, in order to attain stability chlorine atom will react readily with another species or atom which can either donate or share one electron.

Whereas an atom with completely fill shell will have low reactivity.

(2) Size of an atom

On moving down the group size of atom increases. As a result, the attraction between the nucleus and electrons decreases due to the shielding effect. Thus, the larger is an atom, the more easily it can give electrons. Therefore, the reactivity increases.

For example, the atomic number of calcium is 20 and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}$

Also it is known that first shell of every atom can have 2 electrons, second shell can have 8 electrons, third shell can have 18 electrons and so on.

Since, calcium is larger in size as compared to beryllium and magnesium so it will readily loose 2 electrons to attain stability. Thus, it will attain a $Ca^{2+}$ charge.

(3) Electro negativity of an atom

An atom with uneven distribution of electrons will acquire a certain amount of charge. Thus, it becomes polar in nature and in order to gain stability, the atom will either loose or gain electrons according to its charge.

For example, atomic number of fluorine is 9 and its electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{5}$ .

So, in order to gain stability fluorine will readily accept 1 electron to completely fill its 2p sub shell. As a result, the electronic configuration will become $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}$

Therefore, fluorine will have a charge of -1 because it has gained one electron.

3 0

3 years ago

19

Yuki888 [10]

Answer:

The electron took two jumps to return to its ground state.

Explanation:

If the electron is in nth state then it first goes to (n-1)th to 2nd state and emits one photon of this energy gap. Then, it goes to ground state and emits another photon of different energy. It can emit $\left \{ {{n-1} \atop {2}} \right.$ types of different photons. Fourth option is incorrect because in that case it emits one photon and absorbs one photon to go back to that state and also both photons are of same energy.

7 0

4 years ago