Increasing the partial pressure of the gas over the liquid or lowering the temperature of the liquid can increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid.
I hope this. Let me know if anything is unclear or if you want any further explanation.
I believe the answer is B
a.200.59 amu of mercury contains = 6.02 * 1023 molecules
Mass for 3.0 * 1023 molecules = (3.0 * 1023 * 200.59) /6.02 * 1023
= 100.29 amu
Thus, mass for 3.0 * 1023 molecules is 100.29 amu
b.As, 200.59 g mercury contains = 6.02 * 1023 atoms
1 g mercury contains = (6.02 * 1023 /200) atoms
= 3.01 * 1021 atoms
Thus, 1 ng mercury contains = (3.01 * 1021) / 109
= 3.01 * 1012 atoms
Thus, 3.0 * 1012 atoms present in 1 ng mercury
The radius of the atom cannot be measured directly because it does not have a definite edge to the electrons cloud
In physical chemistry and thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy or ΔG is very important because it is the criterion for spontaneity. When the magnitude of ΔG is negative, the reaction is spontaneous. This means that the reaction readily occurs. When the magnitude is positive, the reaction is non-spontaneous. This means that in order for the reaction to proceed, you must apply external force like electricity.
For equilibrium reactions, there is a forward and reverse reaction written as: A+ B ⇆ C. Only one of those reactions is spontaneous. So, if the forward reaction is -ΔG, then the reverse reaction is the opposite which is +ΔG. The answer is letter A.
