1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
luda_lava [24]
3 years ago
10

If 8.50 g of phosphorus reacts with hydrogen gas at 2.00 atm in a 10.0-L container at 298 K, calculate the moles of PH3 produced

as well as the total number of moles of gas present at the conclusion of the reaction.
Chemistry
1 answer:
ahrayia [7]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The moles of PH₃ produced are 0.2742 and the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction is 0.6809.

Explanation:

Phosphorus reacts with H₂ according to the balanced equation:

P₄ (s) + 6 H₂ (g) ⇒ 4 PH₃ (g)

By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • P₄: 1 mole
  • H₂: 6 moles
  • PH₃:4 moles

Being the molar mass of the compounds:

  • P₄: 124 g/mole
  • H₂: 2 g/mole
  • PH₃: 34 g/mole

The following mass amounts of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • P₄: 1 mole* 124 g/mole= 124 g
  • H₂: 6 mole* 2 g/mole= 12 g
  • PH₃: 4 moles* 34 g/mole= 136 g

An ideal gas is characterized by three state variables: absolute pressure (P), volume (V), and absolute temperature (T). The relationship between them constitutes the ideal gas law, an equation that relates the three variables if the amount of substance, number of moles n, remains constant and where R is the molar constant of the gases:

P * V = n * R * T

In this case you know:

  • P= 2 atm
  • V= 10 L
  • n= ?
  • R= 0.082 \frac{atm*L}{mol*K}
  • T= 298 K

Replacing:

2 atm*10 L= n*0.082 \frac{atm*L}{mol*K} *298 K

and solving you get:

n=\frac{2 atm*10 L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*298 K }

n=0.818 moles

The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.

To determine the limiting reagent, you can use a simple rule of three as follows: if 6 moles of H₂ react with 124 g of P₄, 0.818 moles of H₂ with how much mass of P₄ will it react?

mass of P_{4}=\frac{0.818 moles of H_{2}*124 grams of P_{4}}{6 moles of H_{2}}

mass of P₄= 16.90 grams

But 16.90 grams of P₄ are not available, 8.50 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 0.818 moles of H₂, phosphorus P₄ will be the limiting reagent.

Then you can apply the following rules of three:

  • If 124 grams of P₄ produce 4 moles of PH₃, 8.50 grams of P₄, how many moles do they produce?

moles of PH_{3} =\frac{8.5 grams of P_{4}*4 moles of PH_{3}  }{124grams of P_{4}}

moles of PH₃=0.2742

  • If 124 grams of P₄ react with 6 moles of H₂, 8.50 grams of P₄ with how many moles of H₂ do they react?

moles of H_{2} =\frac{8.5 grams of P_{4}*6 moles of H_{2}  }{124grams of P_{4}}

moles of H₂= 0.4113

If you have 0.818 moles of H₂, the number of moles of gas H₂ present at the end of the reaction is calculated as:

0.818 - 0.4113= 0.4067

Then the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction will be the sum of the moles of PH₃ gas and H₂ gas that did not react:

0.2742 + 0.4067= 0.6809

Finally, <u><em>the moles of PH₃ produced are 0.2742 and the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction is 0.6809.</em></u>

You might be interested in
Aqueous hydrobromic acid hbr will react with solid sodium hydroxide naoh to produce aqueous sodium bromide nabr and liquid water
Natalka [10]
 Balanced equation is

HBr + NaOH ----> NaBr + H2O

Using molar masses

80.912 g HBr reacts with  39.997 g of Naoh to give 18.007 g water

so 1 gram of NaOH reacts with 2.023 g of HBR   
and 5.7 reacts with 11.531 g HBr so we have excess HBr in this reaction

Mass  of water produced  =    (5.7 * 18.007 / 39.997  =  2.6 g to 2 sig figs
8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
1 point If the boy is pushing with 50N of force and the static friction resistance is 70N of force, what will happen? *​
solniwko [45]
Nothing, he shouldn’t be able to move it. Think about it like this say you try really hard to push something that is 5,000 pounds and you push as hard as you can. Well you can’t move it bc it weighs more than you can push. I’m sure their is a equation you can use to see how much you can push (body weight=force?)
6 0
3 years ago
Dry ice changes from a solid directly into a gas at room temperature. Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from
Svetach [21]

Answer:

The process in which a solid changes directly to a gas is called sublimation. It occurs when the particles of a solid absorb enough energy to completely overcome the force of attraction between them. Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide, CO2) is an example of a solid that undergoes sublimation.

3 0
3 years ago
If you mix equal concentrations of reactants and products, will the reaction proceed to the right or the left? HF(aq)+NO3−(aq)⇌H
kaheart [24]

Answer:

hypompast

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
Which term refers to an electrochemical cell that produces an electric current?
ArbitrLikvidat [17]
Correct answer: Galvanic cell

Reason:
Following are the differences between Galvanic cell and electrolytic cell:
1. <span>Galvanic cell converts chemical energy into electrical energy , on other hand <span>electrolytic cell converts electrical energy into chemical energy.
2. In galvanic cell, </span></span><span>redox reaction is spontaneous and is responsible for the production of electrical energy. in electrolytic cell, t<span>he redox reaction is not spontaneous and electrical energy has to be supplied to initiate the reaction.

Thus, galvanic cell </span></span><span>refers to an electrochemical cell that produces an electric current</span>
8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • When you can not see what is taking place, but other senses indicate occurences. this is called?
    12·1 answer
  • As a purchasing agent for a pharmaceutical company, how much chlorine, Cl2, do you need to order to react completely with 500 kg
    8·1 answer
  • Help I really need to understand this please show how you do it !!
    12·1 answer
  • If you had excess aluminum, how many moles of aluminum chloride could be produced from 28.0 g of chlorine gas, Cl2?
    6·1 answer
  • What is the net ionic charge of calcium ion
    12·1 answer
  • If you help me, you are the best​
    15·1 answer
  • Which type of wind is responsible for moving state to state
    10·1 answer
  • Why can't antibiotics be used on viruses?​
    11·1 answer
  • Balance the following equations <br>1.Na+HCI=NaCI+H2<br>2.Mg+O2=MgO​
    13·1 answer
  • Recessive genes are _____.
    10·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!