1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
luda_lava [24]
3 years ago
10

If 8.50 g of phosphorus reacts with hydrogen gas at 2.00 atm in a 10.0-L container at 298 K, calculate the moles of PH3 produced

as well as the total number of moles of gas present at the conclusion of the reaction.
Chemistry
1 answer:
ahrayia [7]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

The moles of PH₃ produced are 0.2742 and the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction is 0.6809.

Explanation:

Phosphorus reacts with H₂ according to the balanced equation:

P₄ (s) + 6 H₂ (g) ⇒ 4 PH₃ (g)

By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), the following amounts of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • P₄: 1 mole
  • H₂: 6 moles
  • PH₃:4 moles

Being the molar mass of the compounds:

  • P₄: 124 g/mole
  • H₂: 2 g/mole
  • PH₃: 34 g/mole

The following mass amounts of each compound participate in the reaction:

  • P₄: 1 mole* 124 g/mole= 124 g
  • H₂: 6 mole* 2 g/mole= 12 g
  • PH₃: 4 moles* 34 g/mole= 136 g

An ideal gas is characterized by three state variables: absolute pressure (P), volume (V), and absolute temperature (T). The relationship between them constitutes the ideal gas law, an equation that relates the three variables if the amount of substance, number of moles n, remains constant and where R is the molar constant of the gases:

P * V = n * R * T

In this case you know:

  • P= 2 atm
  • V= 10 L
  • n= ?
  • R= 0.082 \frac{atm*L}{mol*K}
  • T= 298 K

Replacing:

2 atm*10 L= n*0.082 \frac{atm*L}{mol*K} *298 K

and solving you get:

n=\frac{2 atm*10 L}{0.082\frac{atm*L}{mol*K}*298 K }

n=0.818 moles

The limiting reagent is one that is consumed first in its entirety, determining the amount of product in the reaction. When the limiting reagent is finished, the chemical reaction will stop.

To determine the limiting reagent, you can use a simple rule of three as follows: if 6 moles of H₂ react with 124 g of P₄, 0.818 moles of H₂ with how much mass of P₄ will it react?

mass of P_{4}=\frac{0.818 moles of H_{2}*124 grams of P_{4}}{6 moles of H_{2}}

mass of P₄= 16.90 grams

But 16.90 grams of P₄ are not available, 8.50 grams are available. Since you have less mass than you need to react with 0.818 moles of H₂, phosphorus P₄ will be the limiting reagent.

Then you can apply the following rules of three:

  • If 124 grams of P₄ produce 4 moles of PH₃, 8.50 grams of P₄, how many moles do they produce?

moles of PH_{3} =\frac{8.5 grams of P_{4}*4 moles of PH_{3}  }{124grams of P_{4}}

moles of PH₃=0.2742

  • If 124 grams of P₄ react with 6 moles of H₂, 8.50 grams of P₄ with how many moles of H₂ do they react?

moles of H_{2} =\frac{8.5 grams of P_{4}*6 moles of H_{2}  }{124grams of P_{4}}

moles of H₂= 0.4113

If you have 0.818 moles of H₂, the number of moles of gas H₂ present at the end of the reaction is calculated as:

0.818 - 0.4113= 0.4067

Then the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction will be the sum of the moles of PH₃ gas and H₂ gas that did not react:

0.2742 + 0.4067= 0.6809

Finally, <u><em>the moles of PH₃ produced are 0.2742 and the total number of moles of gas present at the end of the reaction is 0.6809.</em></u>

You might be interested in
what is the effect of using higher concentration of sodium hydrogen carbonate on the rate of reaction?
Alex
Increasing the concentration of one or more reactants will often increase the rate of reaction. This occurs because a higher concentration of a reactant will lead to more collisions of that reactant in a specific time period.

Reaction rate increases with concentration, as described by the rate law and explained by collision theory. As reactant concentration increases, the frequency of collision increases. The rate of gaseous reactions increases with pressure, which is, in fact, equivalent to an increase in concentration of the gas.
7 0
3 years ago
Which particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
Anuta_ua [19.1K]
Protons and neutrons
electrons just revolve around it
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
1826.5g of methanol (CH3OH), molar mass = 32.0 g/mol is added to 735 g of water, what is the molality of the methane 0.0348 m 1.
Snowcat [4.5K]

Answer:

Molality = 1.13 m

Explanation:

Molality is defined as the moles of the solute present in 1 kilogram of the solvent.

Given that:

Mass of CH_3OH = 26.5 g

Molar mass of CH_3OH = 32.04 g/mol

The formula for the calculation of moles is shown below:

moles = \frac{Mass\ taken}{Molar\ mass}

Thus,

Moles= \frac{26.5\ g}{32.04\ g/mol}

Moles\ of\ CH_3OH= 0.8271\ moles

Mass of water = 735 g = 0.735 kg ( 1 g = 0.001 kg )

So, molality is:

m=\frac {0.8271\ moles}{0.735\ kg}

<u>Molality = 1.13 m</u>

4 0
3 years ago
Name three parts of a plant cell that are not found in an animal cell
lions [1.4K]
The three parts are vacuole , cell wall , chloroplast
4 0
3 years ago
Enzymes work by _____. enzymes work by _____. decreasing the potential energy difference between reactant and product adding ene
Anton [14]
The appropriate answer is they decrease the potential energy difference between reactant and product. They do this by bringing products and reactants together at the active site on the enzyme molecule. Enzymes are biological catalysts. They increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction itself. So one molecule of an enzyme is used many times to catalyze the reaction of other molecules. 
7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Hydroelectric energy comes from
    7·2 answers
  • Does melting lose or gain energy
    7·2 answers
  • What is the average rate of formation of i2? express your answer to three decimal places and include the appropriate units. view
    7·1 answer
  • The degree to which a liquid resists flowing is called _____.density viscosity conductivity malleability
    13·2 answers
  • How much work is done if an object moves 4.5 m in has 12 Newtons of force on it
    11·1 answer
  • Enter a balanced equation for the reaction between aqueous lead(II)(II) nitrate and aqueous sodium chloride to form solid lead(I
    14·1 answer
  • If a solid has a density of 4.0 g/cm^3, what volume of the solid has a mass<br> of 24 g? Show work.
    8·1 answer
  • Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, C9H8O4) is a weak monoprotic acid. To determine its acid-dissociation constant, a student dissolv
    5·1 answer
  • Anew fictitious element was discovered. It is a metal named jolmium, J,and it has three valence electrons. If it combineswith io
    7·1 answer
  • For the following pairs of ions, use the concept that a chemical compound must have a net charge of zero to predict the formula
    12·1 answer
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!