Alan has forgotten his 4-digit PIN code.
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To enable the completion of the proof that line <em>l</em> is parallel to line <em>m</em>, a
diagram showing the lines and their common transversal is attached.
The completed two column proof is presented as follows;
Statement Reason
1. ∠1 and ∠2 are supplementary angles 1. Given
2. m∠1 + m∠2 = 180° 2. <u>Definition of supplementary ∠s</u>
3. ∠1 and ∠3 are supplementary angles 3. Exterior sides in opposite rays
4. <u>m∠1 + m∠3 = 180° </u> 4. <u>Definition of supplementary ∠s</u>
5. m∠1 + m∠2 = m∠1 + m∠3 5. <u>Transitive property of equality</u>
6. <u>m∠2 = m∠3 </u> 6. <u>Subtraction property of equality</u>
7. l ║ m 7. <u>Converse of alternate interior </u>
<u>angles postulate</u>
Reasons:
- Reason for statement 2: Supplementary angles are defined as two angles that sum up to 180°
- Reason for statement 3: Two angles are supplementary if the exterior sides that form each angle are opposite rays (rays that are drawn out infinitely in opposite direction but have the same endpoint)
- Statement 4: Mathematical expression of the sum of ∠1 and ∠3; Reason for statement 4 is the definition of supplementary angles
- Reason for statement 5: Transitive property of equality describes the property that if a number <em>x</em> = <em>y</em>, and <em>z </em>= <em>y</em>, then <em>x</em> = <em>z</em>.
- Statement 6: Subtracting m∠1 from both sides of the equation in statement 5. gives; m∠1 + m∠2 - m∠1 = m∠1 + m∠3 - m∠1 ⇒ m∠2 = m∠3. Reason for statement 6 is the subtraction property of equality
- Reason for statement 7: The converse of the alternate interior angles postulate states that if the alternate interior angles formed between two lines and a common transversal are congruent, the two lines are parallel.
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In statistics, mean is the average in a set of data collected. To calculate the mean, you have to add up all the numbers in the table and divide it by the number of data that exists. For example, if the data set is 2 4 1 5 2 8, the mean will be:
mean = = 3.6
So, for this data set, the mean is 3.6.
The median is also a average number, however, the median is the middle value in the list. For example, with the data set above, the median is 3, because, as the set has an even number of data, the middle term would be the mean of the two middle number, in other words:
median = = 3
The standard deviation (σ) is the spread of data distribution, which means it's how "far" a number is from the mean of the set. The formula is
σ = √∑ (x - μ)²/N, where ∑ is the total sum; μ is the mean; and N is the number of data points in the sample. So, to calculate the standard deviation, using the example:
1) Calculate the mean of the set: μ=3.6
2) Find the difference between each data point and the mean and then, the square of each one:
(2-3.6)² = 2.56;
(4-3.6)² = 0.16
(1-3.6)² = 6.76
(5-3.6)² = 1.96
(2-3.6)² = 2.56
(8-3.6)² = 19.36
3) Add up all the squares: ∑= 33.36
4) Divide by the number of data points: =5.56
5) Take the square root: σ = 2.36
For the set of numbers above (2,4,1,5,2,8), the standard deviation is
σ = 2.36.