When two plates push against each other shear stress will happem because they move in opposite directions. In this case the force of the stress pushes some of the crust in different directions. When this happens, a large part of the crust can break off, which makes the plate size smaller.
Answer:
Measuring with a ruler and using final volume minus initial volume
Explanation:
You can measure the volume of a geometric object by measuring its sides with a ruler and calculating the volume according to the corresponding formula for each object. For example, for a rectangular prism it would be

You can also measure the volume of an object by measuring how much water it displaces. To do this you have to fill a measuring cylinder with enough water for the object to be completely submerged and take note of the volume. Then, add the object and note again the volume of the water+object. The difference between both is the volume of the object.

The advantage of the second method is that it can be used for objects with irregular shapes as long as they do not float.
Atomic mass of helium is 4.002642g/mol
(542000g)/(4.002642g/mol)*6.02*10^23 = 8.15*10^28 atoms
Making toast is a physical change.
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