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2 years ago

Read about reverse osmosis and multistage flash distillation .Then identify at least three advantages and three

Chemistry

1 answer:

ss7ja [257]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Meaning, Advantages & Disadvantages of - Osmosis, Multiflash Distillatiob

Explanation:

Osmosis is movement of solvent (like water) through semi permeable membrane (like living cell) into solution of higher solute concentration.

Advantages - It assists equalising concentration of solute on two sides of membrane. Reverse Osmosis is used for efficient water softening, it is easy to maintain.

Disadvantages - It needs a lot of energy. A lot of pressure is required for deionisation. Water acidity level increases, as minerals get deionised.

Multistage flash distillation refers to desalination water distilling seawater, by flashing water portions in steams in various stages of concurrent heat exchangers.

Advantages - Its Cost efficient , distillation uses waste heat. It has High gain output ratio. Quality of feedwater is less significant, compared to reverse osmosis.

Disadvantages - It has high operating cost in case of waste heat unavailability. High temperature imply high corrosion & scale formation.

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What happens to temperature when there is a State of Change

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Answer:

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Explanation:

The temperature stays the same when a solid is melting or a liquid is boiling (changing state) during a change of state, even though heat energy is being absorbed.

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3 years ago

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What type of substance is gravel

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Answer:

When substances do not mix thoroughly and evenly (like sand and gravel), the mixture is said to be heterogeneous. A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances. Another example of a mixture is salt dissolved in water.

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3 years ago

The concentration of an additive in a standard sample of palm oil was measured 6 times and the following results were obtained:

Lerok [7]

In the data, 0.20 ppm is an outlier and this can be rejected if there is a 95% confidence level.

<h3>What is an outlier?</h3>

When analyzing data an outlier is a value that is abnormal or too different from other data. In the case presented 0.20 can be tagged as an outlier because other values such as 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, and 0.14 are similar while 0.20 is outside this range.

<h3>Should this piece of data be rejected?</h3>

The general rule is that if there is a 95% of confidence or higher you can reject an outlier, knowing the other data occurs 95% of the time, and therefore the outlier is improbable.

Based on this, you can reject an outlier if the confidence level is 95%.

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2 years ago

A compound is composed of C, H and O. A 1.621 g sample of this compound was combusted, producing 1.902 g of water and 3.095 g of

vlada-n [284]

Answer: The molecular of the compound is, $C_2H_3O$

Explanation:

The chemical equation for the combustion of hydrocarbon having carbon, hydrogen and oxygen follows:

$C_xH_yO_z+O_2\rightarrow CO_2+H_2O$

where, 'x', 'y' and 'z' are the subscripts of Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen respectively.

We are given:

Mass of $CO_2=3.095g$

Mass of $H_2O=1.902g$

We know that:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

Molar mass of water = 18 g/mol

For calculating the mass of carbon:

In 44 g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in $3.095g$ of carbon dioxide, $\frac{12}{44}\times 3.095=0.844g$ of carbon will be contained.

For calculating the mass of hydrogen:

In 18 g of water, 2 g of hydrogen is contained.

So, in $1.902g$ of water, $\frac{2}{18}\times 1.092=0.121g$ of hydrogen will be contained.

For calculating the mass of oxygen:

Mass of oxygen in the compound = $(1.621)-[(0.844)+(0.121)]=0.656g$

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Step 1: Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Carbon = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Carbon}}{\text{Molar mass of Carbon}}=\frac{0.844g}{12g/mole}=0.0703moles$

Moles of Hydrogen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of Hydrogen}}{\text{Molar mass of Hydrogen}}=\frac{0.121g}{1g/mole}=0.121moles$

Moles of Oxygen = $\frac{\text{Given mass of oxygen}}{\text{Molar mass of oxygen}}=\frac{0.656g}{16g/mole}=0.041moles$

Step 2: Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is $0.041$ moles.

For Carbon = $\frac{0.0703}{0.041}=1.71\approx 2$

For Hydrogen = $\frac{0.121}{0.041}=2.95\approx 3$

For Oxygen = $\frac{0.041}{0.041}=1$

Step 3: Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of C : H : O = 2 : 3 : 1

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is $C_2H_3O_1=C_2H_3O$

The empirical formula weight = 2(12) + 3(1) + 1(16) = 43 gram/eq

Now we have to calculate the molecular formula of the compound.

Formula used :

$n=\frac{\text{Molecular formula}}{\text{Empirical formula weight}}$

$n=\frac{46.06}{43}=1$

Molecular formula = $(C_2H_3O_1)_n=(C_2H_3O_1)_1=C_2H_3O$

Therefore, the molecular of the compound is, $C_2H_3O$

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3 years ago

Tetrachloromethane,CC15,is classified as a

prohojiy [21]

Correct Answer: compound because the atoms of the elements are combined in a fixed proportion.

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3 years ago