When electrons are removed from the outermost shell of calcium atom, its atom becomes positively charged, with a charge of plus one.
When an electron is added to an atom, the atom becomes negatively charged, with a charge of minus one.
When these atoms become positively or negatively charged, they are known as ions. Positively charged ions are called cations and negatively charged ions are called anions.
Calcium is identified as one of the cations because it is positively charged when its electrons are removed from its outermost shell.
<span>The shininess of an element is also referred to as "metallic luster." The element that is most likely to have a metallic luster is B. rhodium.
Arsenic has a dull luster, chlorine and hydrogen are gases so they don't have luster.
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That's kind of a ponderous way to describe it, but your 'X' represents
the absolute temperature of the ideal gas.
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