Robert Boyle put chemistry on a firm scientific footing, transforming it from a field bogged down in alchemy and mysticism into one based on measurement. He defined elements, compounds, and mixtures, and he coined the new term 'chemical analysis, a field in which he made several powerful contributions.
ini berkaitan dengan Biology bukan Chemistry. Parasitisme bermaksud satu organisma yang berinteraksi dengan organisma lain dan mendapat keuntungan manakala organisma yang terlibat dengan interaksi tersebut mendapat keburukannya.