A greater surface area (meaning more, smaller particles) allows for more opportunity for particles to collide. On the other hand, decreasing temperature and removing a catalyst would only decrease the number of collisions, and the clumping option doesn't make much sense. Hope this helps!
Chemical reactions occur at the atomic level where the atoms of each reacting elements interact with one another to form products. However, one way this interaction occurs is via COLLISION OF ATOMIC PARTICLES. In accordance with the collision theory, a collision must occur between reactant atomic particles in order for a reaction to take place.
However, certain factors affect the rate at which this collision occurs. One of them is the SURFACE AREA OF THE REACTANTS. Increasing the surface area of reactants simultaneously increases the frequency at which particles collide. Hence, INCREASING SURFACE AREA increases the number of collisions between reactant molecules in a given volume.
For the answer to the question above, <span>Hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions in the molecules of the b-globin. The replacement causes these hemoglobin molecules to be stickies which gives the cell its sickle shape. I hope this helps. Have a nice day!</span>