Answer: A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (i.e., a change in a single "chemical letter" such as switching an A to a G). Such a substitution could: change a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and cause a small change in the protein produced.
Explanation: I know this is correct just trust me and please mark me as brainiest.
Answer:
The nuclear charge increases from boron to carbon, but there is no additional shielding( that is no additional shells).
Explanation:
First of all, we must know the electron configuration of carbon and boron.
Boron- 1s2 2s2 2p1
Carbon- 1s2 2s2 2p2
Moving from boron to carbon, the effective nuclear charge increases without a corresponding increase in the number of shells. Remember that shielding increases with increase in the number of intervening shells between the outermost electron and the nucleus. Since there isn't an increase in shells, boron experience a lower screening effect.
From
Zeff= Z- S
The Z for carbon is 6 while for boron is 5 even though both have the same number of screening electron S(4 screening electrons). Hence it is expected the Zeff(effective nuclear charge) for boron will be less than that of carbon.
Complete Question
You determine that it takes 26.0 mL of base to neutralize a sample of your unknown acid solution. The pH of the solution was 7.82 when exactly 13 mL of base had been added, you notice that the concentration of the unknown acid was 0.1 M. What is the pKa of your unknown acid?
Answer:
The pK_a value is
Explanation:
From the question we are told
The volume of base is 
The pH of solution is 
The concentration of the acid is 
From the pH we can see that the titration is between a strong base and a weak acid
Let assume that the the volume of acid is 
Generally the concentration of base

Substituting value


When 13mL of the base is added a buffer is formed
The chemical equation of the reaction is

Now before the reaction the number of mole of base is
![No \ of \ moles[N_B] = C_B * V_B](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=No%20%5C%20of%20%5C%20moles%5BN_B%5D%20%20%3D%20%20C_B%20%2A%20V_B)
Substituting value

Now before the reaction the number of mole of acid is

Substituting value


Now after the reaction the number of moles of base is zero i.e has been used up
this mathematically represented as

The number of moles of acid is


The pH of this reaction can be mathematically represented as
![pH = pK_a + log \frac{[base]}{[acid]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%20%20%3D%20pK_a%20%2B%20log%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Bbase%5D%7D%7B%5Bacid%5D%7D)
Substituting values

How many moles of oxygen atoms are present in 5
moles of Mg3(PO4)2
All you have to do is to create
a ratio between the molecule and the oxygen atom.
5 moles of Mg3(PO4)2 (4x2 moles
O/1 mole Mg3(PO4)2) = 40 moles of oxygen