They are kind of opposite processes. Chemical synthesis is execution of chemical reactions to make products. Like you take two substances, you put them together, they react and you have new a substance. For example.

here Sodium and Chlorine react to make a new substance which is Sodium Chloride.
Chemical decomposition is process of seperating a substance to different substances. There is a substance by a reaction this substance becomes two substances, Like : XY -> X+Y For example :
1. O2 is not a compound because it only contains one or more type of the same element atom.
2. O2 is a molecule because a molecule is one or more of the same element atom.
3. The law of conversion is that the mass of the system will stay the same when transfer takes place. Like if you had an equation O+H2—> H2O the mass will remain the same.
4. It will be equal to 10 because of law of conservation of matter.
5. One observation can be that the compound, reaction you’re observing, has change states.
Answer:
An elementary particle that is identical with the nucleus of the hydrogen atom, that along with the neutron is a constituent of all other atomic nuclei, that carries a positive charge numerically equal to the charge of an electron.
Example:
The nucleus of a hydrogen atom or the H+ ion is an example of a proton. Regardless of the isotope, each atom of hydrogen has 1 proton; each helium atom contains 2 protons; each lithium atom contains 3 protons and so on.