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Answer:
29260J
Explanation:
Given parameters:
Mass of water sample = 100g
Initial temperature = 30°C
Final temperature = 100°C
Unknown:
Energy required for the temperature change = ?
Solution:
The amount of heat required for this temperature change can be derived from the expression below;
H = m c (ΔT)
H is the amount of heat energy
m is the mass
c is the specific heat capacity of water = 4.18J/g°C
ΔT is the change in temperature
Now insert the parameters and solve;
H = 100 x 4.18 x (100 - 30)
H = 100 x 4.18 x 70 = 29260J
If a solution is saturated, that means it already posses the maximum number of solutes thus have been dissolved in it, and thus the concentration cannot be increased.
Refer to the diagram shown below.
The piston supports the same load W at both temperatures.
The ideal gas law is

where
p = pressure
V = volume
n = moles
T = temperature
R = gas constant
State 1:
T₁ = 20 C = 20+273 = 293 K
d₁ = 25 cm piston diameter
State 2:
T₂ = 150 C = 423 K
d₂ = piston diameter
Because V, n, and R remain the same between the two temperatures, therefore

If the supported load is W kg, then

Similarly,


Because p₁/p₂ = T₁/T₂, therefore

The minimum piston diameter at 150 C is 20.8 cm.
Answer: 20.8 cm diameter