I would say D...just because of the greenhouse effect
Each nucleotide, in turn, is made up of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate.
Answer:
1) C
2) C
3) A
Explanation:
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Answer:
a) true
Explanation:
It is absolutely right that in mammals dosage compensation occurs due to X-inactivation in females. It happens because in mammals like humans, females have XX and males have XY as allosomes. Because of the presence of two X chromosomes, each gene is present in 2 copies in females but in males only 1 copy is present as they have only one X chromosome. So in order to compensate for this kind of difference, one of the female X chromosomes undergoes inactivation and this phenomenon is known as dosage compensation.
The X chromosome undergoes inactivation because of its DNA modification and acts very different from other X chromosomes. Several methyl groups are added to the DNA of such X chromosome so as to inactivate it. In general such inactivated X chromosome is known as bar body which appears like a darkly stained structure.
Note: In other lower organisms like drosophila and C. elegans other mechanisms of dosage compensation exist.
In drosophila rather than inactivation of one chromosome in female, the transcription rate of one X chromosome of male is doubled so that it could produce as much transcripts as two X chromosomes of female are producing.
In C. elegans, both the X chromosomes are active but partially. The transcripts produced by two X chromosomes of female equalize the transcripts produced by one X chromosome of hermaphrodite counter part.
The thoracic region receive sympathetic innervation from the middle and inferior cervical ganglia.
The cervical sympathetic trunk is the portion of the sympathetic trunk located to the left and right of the cervical spine, this trunk extends from the entrance of the thoracic wall to the base of the skull.
- It is made up of 3 ganglia: the superior ganglia made up of the first 3 cervical ganglia; the middle ganglia made up of the 4th cervical ganglion and the inferior ganglia made up of the last 4 ganglia.
- These ganglia are responsible for the sympathetic innervation of the upper extremities, the viscera of the thoracic cavity and that of the organs of the abdominal cavity.
Therefore, we can conclude that the thoracic sympathetic chain is made up of ganglia that innervate the thoracic region.
Learn more about the sympathetic innervation here: brainly.com/question/25711534