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3 years ago

How many atoms are in 1g of Hg

Chemistry

2 answers:

lys-0071 [83]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

$\boxed {\boxed {\sf 3 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg}}$

Explanation:

We are asked to find how many atoms are in 1 gram of mercury.

<h3>1. Convert Grams to Moles </h3>

First, we convert grams to moles. We use the molar mass or the mass of 1 mole of a substance. These values are equivalent to the atomic masses on the Periodic Table, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units.

Look up mercury's molar mass.

Hg: 200.59 g/mol

We convert using dimensional analysis, so we create a ratio using the molar mass.

$\frac { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}$

We are converting 1 gram of mercury to moles, so we multiply the ratio by this value.

$1 \ g \ Hg *\frac { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}$

Flip the ratio so the units of grams of mercury cancel out.

$1 \ g \ Hg *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Hg} { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}$

$1 *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Hg} { 200.59}$

$\frac{ 1} { 200.59} \ mol \ Hg$

$0.004985293385 \ mol \ Hg$

<h3>2. Convert Moles to Atoms</h3>

Next, we convert moles to atoms. We use Avogadro's Number or 6.022 × 10²³. This is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units) in 1 mole of a substance. In this case, the particles are atoms of mercury.

We will use dimensional analysis and set up another ratio.

$\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}$

Multiply by the number of moles we calculated.

$0.004985293385 \ mol \ Hg * \frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}$

The units of moles of mercury cancel.

$0.004985293385 * \frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 }$

$3.00214368 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg$

<h3>3. Round </h3>

The original measurement of grams has 1 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the ones place. The 0 in the tenths place tells us to leave the 3 in the ones place.

$3 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg$

There are approximately <u>3×10²¹ atoms of mercury</u> in 1 gram of mercury.

ollegr [7]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

7.5275 x 10^21

Explanation:

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To answer this question, you must understand how to convert grams of a molecule into the number of molecules. To do this, you have to utilize the concepts of moles and molar mass.
A mole is just a unit of measurement. Avogadro's number is equal to
6.022
⋅
10
23
molecules/mole. This number is the number of molecules of a specific compound in which when you multiply the compound by it, it converts atomic mass into grams.
For example, one mole of hydrogen gas (
H
2
) or
6.022
⋅
10
23
molecules of
H
2
weighs 2.016 grams because one molecule of
H
2
has an atomic weight of 2.016.
So the overall solution for this problem is to use molar mass of
C
H
4
(methane) to convert grams of methane into moles of methane. Then, use Avogadro's number to convert moles of methane into molecules of methane.
One mole of methane equals 16.04 grams because a molecule of methane has an atomic weight of 16.04. The conversion factor will be 16.04 grams/mole.
48
g
C
H
4
⋅
1
m
o
l
C
H
4
16.04
g
C
H
4
⋅
6.022
⋅
10
23
m
c
l
s
C
H
4
1
m
o
l
C
H
4

When you multiple and divide everything out, you get
1.8021
⋅
10
24
molecules of
C
H
4

Notice this is a modified T-chart so the grams
C
H
4
cancels out when you do the first conversion, and the moles
C
H
4
cancels out when you do the second conversion. This leaves you with the unit molecules of
C
H
4
which corresponds to what the question asks.

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Or

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Answer:

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Explanation:

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