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siniylev [52]
2 years ago
7

How many atoms are in 1g of Hg

Chemistry
2 answers:
lys-0071 [83]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

\boxed {\boxed {\sf 3 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg}}

Explanation:

We are asked to find how many atoms are in 1 gram of mercury.

<h3>1. Convert Grams to Moles </h3>

First, we convert grams to moles. We use the molar mass or the mass of 1 mole of a substance. These values are equivalent to the atomic masses on the Periodic Table, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units.

Look up mercury's molar mass.

  • Hg:  200.59 g/mol

We convert using dimensional analysis, so we create a ratio using the molar mass.

\frac { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}

We are converting 1 gram of mercury to moles, so we multiply the ratio by this value.

1 \ g \ Hg *\frac { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}

Flip the ratio so the units of grams of mercury cancel out.

1 \ g \ Hg *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Hg} { 200.59 \ g \ Hg}

1  *\frac{ 1 \ mol \ Hg} { 200.59}

\frac{ 1} { 200.59} \ mol \ Hg

0.004985293385 \ mol \ Hg

<h3>2. Convert Moles to Atoms</h3>

Next, we convert moles to atoms. We use Avogadro's Number or 6.022 × 10²³. This is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units) in 1 mole of a substance. In this case, the particles are atoms of mercury.

We will use dimensional analysis and set up another ratio.

\frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}

Multiply by the number of moles we calculated.

0.004985293385 \ mol \ Hg * \frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 \ mol \ Hg}

The units of moles of mercury cancel.

0.004985293385  * \frac {6.022 \times 10^{23} \ atoms \ Hg}{ 1 }

3.00214368 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg

<h3>3. Round </h3>

The original measurement of grams has 1 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the ones place. The 0 in the tenths place tells us to leave the 3 in the ones place.

3 \times 10^{21} \ atoms \ Hg

There are approximately <u>3×10²¹ atoms of mercury</u> in 1 gram of mercury.

ollegr [7]2 years ago
3 0

Answer:

7.5275 x 10^21

Explanation:

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Calculate the pH for each of the following cases in the titration of 50.0 mL of 0.210 M HClO(aq) with 0.210 M KOH(aq).
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a) before addition of any KOH : 

when we use the Ka equation & Ka = 4 x 10^-8 : 

Ka = [H+]^2 / [ HCIO]

by substitution:

4 x 10^-8 = [H+]^2 / 0.21

[H+]^2 = (4 x 10^-8) * 0.21

           = 8.4 x 10^-9

[H+] = √(8.4 x 10^-9)

       = 9.2 x 10^-5 M

when PH = -㏒[H+]

   PH = -㏒(9.2 x 10^-5)

        = 4  

b)After addition of 25 mL of KOH: this produces a buffer solution 

So, we will use Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to get PH:

PH = Pka +㏒[Salt]/[acid]


first, we have to get moles of HCIO= molarity * volume

                                                           =0.21M * 0.05L

                                                           = 0.0105 moles

then, moles of KOH = molarity * volume 

                                  = 0.21 * 0.025

                                  =0.00525 moles 

∴moles HCIO remaining = 0.0105 - 0.00525 = 0.00525

and when the total volume is = 0.05 L + 0.025 L =  0.075 L

So the molarity of HCIO = moles HCIO remaining / total volume

                                        = 0.00525 / 0.075

                                        =0.07 M

and molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                    = 0.00525 / 0.075

                                    = 0.07 M

and when Ka = 4 x 10^-8 

∴Pka =-㏒Ka

         = -㏒(4 x 10^-8)

         = 7.4 

by substitution in H-H equation:

PH = 7.4 + ㏒(0.07/0.07)

∴PH = 7.4 

c) after addition of 35 mL of KOH:

we will use the H-H equation again as we have a buffer solution:

PH = Pka + ㏒[salt/acid]

first, we have to get moles HCIO = molarity * volume 

                                                        = 0.21 M * 0.05L

                                                        = 0.0105 moles

then moles KOH = molarity * volume
                            =  0.22 M* 0.035 L 

                            =0.0077 moles 

∴ moles of HCIO remaining = 0.0105 - 0.0077=  8 x 10^-5

when the total volume = 0.05L + 0.035L = 0.085 L

∴ the molarity of HCIO = moles HCIO remaining / total volume 

                                      = 8 x 10^-5 / 0.085

                                      = 9.4 x 10^-4 M

and the molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                          = 0.0077M / 0.085L

                                          = 0.09 M

by substitution:

PH = 7.4 + ㏒( 0.09 /9.4 x 10^-4)

∴PH = 8.38

D)After addition of 50 mL:

from the above solutions, we can see that 0.0105 mol HCIO reacting with 0.0105 mol KOH to produce 0.0105 mol KCIO which dissolve in 0.1 L (0.5L+0.5L) of the solution.

the molarity of KCIO = moles KCIO / total volume

                                   = 0.0105mol / 0.1 L

                                   = 0.105 M

when Ka = KW / Kb

∴Kb = 1 x 10^-14 / 4 x 10^-8

       = 2.5 x 10^-7

by using Kb expression:

Kb = [CIO-] [OH-] / [KCIO]

when [CIO-] =[OH-] so we can substitute by [OH-] instead of [CIO-]

Kb = [OH-]^2 / [KCIO] 

2.5 x 10^-7 = [OH-]^2 /0.105

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POH = -㏒[OH-]

∴POH = -㏒0.00016

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        =14 - 3.8

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e) after addition 60 mL of KOH:

when KOH neutralized all the HCIO so, to get the molarity of KOH solution

M1*V1= M2*V2

 when M1 is the molarity of KOH solution

V1 is the total volume = 0.05 + 0.06 = 0.11 L

M2 = 0.21 M 

V2 is the excess volume added  of KOH = 0.01L

so by substitution:

M1 * 0.11L = 0.21*0.01L

∴M1 =0.02 M

∴[KOH] = [OH-] = 0.02 M

∴POH = -㏒[OH-]

           = -㏒0.02 

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∴PH = 14- POH

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