<span>achieve a therapeutic objective (cure disease, mitigate symptoms etc.)
minimize toxicity
minimize difficulty of administration
identify dosing regimens</span>List the goals of drug therapytherapeutic window/rangethe plasma concentration range that is effective and safe in treating specific diseasestrue(T,F): The therapeutic response is dependent on drug achieving an adequate plasma concentrationmultiple doses________ are given to stay in the therapeutic windowvolume of distribution (V)<span>an important indicator of the extent of drug distribution into body fluids and tissues
relates the amount of drug in the body to the measured concentration in the plasma
it is the volume required to account for all of the drug in the body if the concentration in all tissues is the same as the plasma tissue.</span>clearancethe process of removing a drug from plasma (expressed as volume of plasma per a given unit of time)true(T,F): Clearance indicates the volume of plasma (or blood) from which the drug is completely removed, or cleared, in a given time period.half-life<span>volume of distribution and clearance influences the _______ of a drug.
Dosing regimen: How often?</span>oral bioavailability<span>clearance and absorption influences the ________ of a drug
Dosing regimen: How much?</span>steady statethe amount of drug administered is equal to the amount of drug eliminated within one dosing interval resulting in a plateau or constant serum drug levelshortDrugs with a _____ half-life reach steady state rapidlylongDrugs with a ____ half-life take days to weeks to reach steady statetherapeutic windowA steady state is desired within the _________half-lifethe time necessary for the concentration of drug in the plasma to decrease by one-half (50%)about 5How many half-lives are required to reach steady state?loading dosesoften administered at the initiation of an infusion to achieve an immediate therapeutic plasma concentration of the drug (allows rapid achievement of therapeutic serum)true(T,F): The same loading dose is used regardless of metabolism/elimination dysfunction
The answer is A. The Dr must comply if be has good cause
Ruptured Esophageal Varices
- Swallowing difficulty is the inability to swallow foods or liquids with ease.
- People who have a hard time swallowing may choke on their food or liquid when trying to swallow.
- Dysphagia is the medical name for difficulty swallowing.
- Dysphagia affects about 15 million people in the United States. About 1 in 25 people will experience dysphagia in their lives.
- Difficulty swallowing doesn't always indicate a medical condition. It may be temporary and go away on its own.
What is Ruptured Esophageal Varices?
Esophageal varices are abnormal, enlarged veins in the tube that connects the throat and stomach (esophagus). This condition occurs most often in people with serious liver diseases.
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